192. Sanchez-Hernandez JC, Ríos JM, Attademo AM, Malcevschi A, Andrade Cares X (2019)
Assessing biochar impact on earthworms: implications for soil quality promotion. J Hazard
Mater 366:582–591
193. Li D, Hockaday WC, Masiello CA, Alvarez PJJ (2011) Earthworm avoidance of biochar can
be mitigated by wetting. Soil Biol Biochem 43:1732–1737
194. Briones MJI, Panzacchi P, Davies CA, Ineson P (2020) Contrasting responses of macro- and
meso-fauna to biochar additions in a bioenergy cropping system. Soil Biol Biochem
145:107803
195. Kamau S, Karanja NK, Ayuke FO, Lehmann J (2019) Short-term influence of biochar and
fertilizer-biochar blends on soil nutrients, fauna and maize growth. Biol Fertil Soils
55:661–673
196. Latch DE, Packer JL, Stender BL, VanOverbeke J, Arnold WA, McNeill K (2005) Aqueous
photochemistry of triclosan: formation of 2, 4-dichlorophenol, 2, 8-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin,
and oligomerization products. Environ Toxicol Chem 24:517–525
197. Gaylor MO, Mears GL, Harvey E, La Guardia MJ, Hale RC (2014) Polybrominated diphenyl
ether accumulation in an agricultural soil ecosystem receiving wastewater sludge amendments.
Environ Sci Technol 48:7034–7043
198. Andrade NA, McConnell LL, Torrents A, Ramirez M (2010) Persistence of polybrominated
diphenyl ethers in agricultural soils after biosolids applications. J Agric Food Chem
58:3077–3084
199. Lü H, Mo CH, Zhao HM, Xiang L, Katsoyiannis A, Li YW, Cai QY, Wong MH (2018) Soil
contamination and sources of phthalates and its health risk in China: a review. Environ Res
164:417–429
200. Sun J, Pan L, Tsang DCW, Zhan Y, Zhu L, Li X (2018) Organic contamination and
remediation in the agricultural soils of China: a critical review. Sci Total Environ 615:724–740
201. Caban M, Folentarska A, Lis H, Kobylis P, Bielicka-Giełdoń A, Kumirska J, Ciesielski W,
Stepnowski P (2020) Critical study of crop-derived biochars for soil amendment and pharmaceutical ecotoxicity reduction. Chemosphere 248:125976
202. Suèr P, Nilsson-Påledal S, Norrman J (2004) LCA for site remediation: a literature review. Soil
Sediment Contam Int J 13:415–425
203. Roberts KG, Gloy BA, Joseph S, Scott NR, Lehmann J (2010) Life cycle assessment of
biochar systems: estimating the energetic, economic, and climate change potential. Environ
Sci Technol 44:827–833
204. Matuštík J, Hnátková T, Kočí V (2020) Life cycle assessment of biochar-to-soil systems: a
review. J Clean Prod 259:120998
205. Schmidt HP, Taylor P, Eglise A, Arbaz C (2014) Kon-Tiki flame curtain pyrolysis for the
democratization of biochar production. Biochar J:14–24
206. Pandit NR, Mulder J, Hale SE, Schmidt HP, Cornelissen G (2017) Biochar from “Kon Tiki”
flame curtain and other kilns: effects of nutrient enrichment and kiln type on crop yield and soil
chemistry. PLoS One 12:e0176378
207. Hauschild MZ, Rosenbaum RK, Olsen SI (2018) Life cycle assessment: theory and practice.
Springer, Cham
208. Lemming G, Hauschild MZ, Bjerg PL (2010) Life cycle assessment of soil and groundwater
remediation technologies: literature review. Int J Life Cycle Assess 15:115–127
Vermiremediation of Pharmaceutical-Contaminated Soils and Organic Amendments
375
Assessing biochar impact on earthworms: implications for soil quality promotion. J Hazard
Mater 366:582–591
193. Li D, Hockaday WC, Masiello CA, Alvarez PJJ (2011) Earthworm avoidance of biochar can
be mitigated by wetting. Soil Biol Biochem 43:1732–1737
194. Briones MJI, Panzacchi P, Davies CA, Ineson P (2020) Contrasting responses of macro- and
meso-fauna to biochar additions in a bioenergy cropping system. Soil Biol Biochem
145:107803
195. Kamau S, Karanja NK, Ayuke FO, Lehmann J (2019) Short-term influence of biochar and
fertilizer-biochar blends on soil nutrients, fauna and maize growth. Biol Fertil Soils
55:661–673
196. Latch DE, Packer JL, Stender BL, VanOverbeke J, Arnold WA, McNeill K (2005) Aqueous
photochemistry of triclosan: formation of 2, 4-dichlorophenol, 2, 8-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin,
and oligomerization products. Environ Toxicol Chem 24:517–525
197. Gaylor MO, Mears GL, Harvey E, La Guardia MJ, Hale RC (2014) Polybrominated diphenyl
ether accumulation in an agricultural soil ecosystem receiving wastewater sludge amendments.
Environ Sci Technol 48:7034–7043
198. Andrade NA, McConnell LL, Torrents A, Ramirez M (2010) Persistence of polybrominated
diphenyl ethers in agricultural soils after biosolids applications. J Agric Food Chem
58:3077–3084
199. Lü H, Mo CH, Zhao HM, Xiang L, Katsoyiannis A, Li YW, Cai QY, Wong MH (2018) Soil
contamination and sources of phthalates and its health risk in China: a review. Environ Res
164:417–429
200. Sun J, Pan L, Tsang DCW, Zhan Y, Zhu L, Li X (2018) Organic contamination and
remediation in the agricultural soils of China: a critical review. Sci Total Environ 615:724–740
201. Caban M, Folentarska A, Lis H, Kobylis P, Bielicka-Giełdoń A, Kumirska J, Ciesielski W,
Stepnowski P (2020) Critical study of crop-derived biochars for soil amendment and pharmaceutical ecotoxicity reduction. Chemosphere 248:125976
202. Suèr P, Nilsson-Påledal S, Norrman J (2004) LCA for site remediation: a literature review. Soil
Sediment Contam Int J 13:415–425
203. Roberts KG, Gloy BA, Joseph S, Scott NR, Lehmann J (2010) Life cycle assessment of
biochar systems: estimating the energetic, economic, and climate change potential. Environ
Sci Technol 44:827–833
204. Matuštík J, Hnátková T, Kočí V (2020) Life cycle assessment of biochar-to-soil systems: a
review. J Clean Prod 259:120998
205. Schmidt HP, Taylor P, Eglise A, Arbaz C (2014) Kon-Tiki flame curtain pyrolysis for the
democratization of biochar production. Biochar J:14–24
206. Pandit NR, Mulder J, Hale SE, Schmidt HP, Cornelissen G (2017) Biochar from “Kon Tiki”
flame curtain and other kilns: effects of nutrient enrichment and kiln type on crop yield and soil
chemistry. PLoS One 12:e0176378
207. Hauschild MZ, Rosenbaum RK, Olsen SI (2018) Life cycle assessment: theory and practice.
Springer, Cham
208. Lemming G, Hauschild MZ, Bjerg PL (2010) Life cycle assessment of soil and groundwater
remediation technologies: literature review. Int J Life Cycle Assess 15:115–127
Vermiremediation of Pharmaceutical-Contaminated Soils and Organic Amendments
375