inactivation are summarised in Table 2 in an attempt to encourage future research in
this field of bioremediation.
Acknowledgements We thank the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (Grant
no. PGC2018-098851-B-I00) for the financial support of this research.
References
1. ICH (2016) Good manufacturing practice guide for active pharmaceutical ingredients: guidance for industry. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration. Revision 1, 52 p
2. Luo Y, Guo W, Ngo HH, Nghiem LD, Hai FI, Zhang J, Liang S, Wang XC (2014) A review on
the occurrence of micropollutants in the aquatic environment and their fate and removal during
wastewater treatment. Sci Total Environ 473-474:619–641
3. Bartelt-Hunt S, Snow DD, Damon-Powell T, Miesbach D (2011) Occurrence of steroid
hormones and antibiotics in shallow groundwater impacted by livestock waste control facilities. J Contam Hydrol 123:94–103
4. Jameel Y, Valle D, Kay P (2020) Spatial variation in the detection rates of frequently studied
pharmaceuticals in Asian, European and north American rivers. Sci Total Environ 724:137947
5. Aguilera E, Díaz-Gaona C, García-Laureano R, Reyes-Palomo C, Guzmán GI, Ortolani L,
Sánchez-Rodríguez M, Rodríguez-Estévez V (2020) Agroecology for adaptation to climate
change and resource depletion in the Mediterranean region. A review. Agr Syst 181:102809
6. Jiménez-de-Santiago DE, Lidón A, Bosch-Serra ÀD (2019) Soil water dynamics in a rainfed
mediterranean agricultural system. Water 11:799
7. Fu Q, Malchi T, Carter LJ, Li H, Gan J, Chefetz B (2019) Pharmaceutical and personal care
products: from wastewater treatment into agro-food systems. Environ Sci Technol
53:14083–14090
8. Qin Q, Chen X, Zhuang J (2015) The fate and impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care
products in agricultural soils irrigated with reclaimed water. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol
45:1379–1408
9. Kinney CA, Furlong ET, Werner SL, Cahill JD (2006) Presence and distribution of
wastewater-derived pharmaceuticals in soil irrigated with reclaimed water. Environ Toxicol
Chem 25:317–326
10. Calderón-Preciado D, Jiménez-Cartagena C, Matamoros V, Bayona JM (2011) Screening of
47 organic microcontaminants in agricultural irrigation waters and their soil loading. Water
Res 45:221–231
11. Wu X, Dodgen LK, Conkle JL, Gan J (2015) Plant uptake of pharmaceutical and personal care
products from recycled water and biosolids: a review. Sci Total Environ 536:655–666
12. Kinney CA, Furlong ET, Zaugg SD, Burkhard MR, Werner SL, Cahill JD, Jorgensen GR
(2006) Survey of organic wastewater contaminants in biosolids destined for land application.
Environ Sci Technol 40:7207–7215
13. Hu X, Zhou Q, Luo Y (2010) Occurrence and source analysis of typical veterinary antibiotics
in manure, soil, vegetables and groundwater from organic vegetable bases, northern China.
Environ Pollut 158:2992–2998
14. Fu Q, Sanganyado E, Ye Q, Gan J (2016) Meta-analysis of biosolid effects on persistence of
triclosan and triclocarban in soil. Environ Pollut 210:137–144
15. Walters E, McClellan K, Halden RU (2010) Occurrence and loss over three years of 72 pharmaceuticals and personal care products from biosolids-soil mixtures in outdoor mesocosms.
Water Res 44:6011–6020
Vermiremediation of Pharmaceutical-Contaminated Soils and Organic Amendments
365
this field of bioremediation.
Acknowledgements We thank the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (Grant
no. PGC2018-098851-B-I00) for the financial support of this research.
References
1. ICH (2016) Good manufacturing practice guide for active pharmaceutical ingredients: guidance for industry. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration. Revision 1, 52 p
2. Luo Y, Guo W, Ngo HH, Nghiem LD, Hai FI, Zhang J, Liang S, Wang XC (2014) A review on
the occurrence of micropollutants in the aquatic environment and their fate and removal during
wastewater treatment. Sci Total Environ 473-474:619–641
3. Bartelt-Hunt S, Snow DD, Damon-Powell T, Miesbach D (2011) Occurrence of steroid
hormones and antibiotics in shallow groundwater impacted by livestock waste control facilities. J Contam Hydrol 123:94–103
4. Jameel Y, Valle D, Kay P (2020) Spatial variation in the detection rates of frequently studied
pharmaceuticals in Asian, European and north American rivers. Sci Total Environ 724:137947
5. Aguilera E, Díaz-Gaona C, García-Laureano R, Reyes-Palomo C, Guzmán GI, Ortolani L,
Sánchez-Rodríguez M, Rodríguez-Estévez V (2020) Agroecology for adaptation to climate
change and resource depletion in the Mediterranean region. A review. Agr Syst 181:102809
6. Jiménez-de-Santiago DE, Lidón A, Bosch-Serra ÀD (2019) Soil water dynamics in a rainfed
mediterranean agricultural system. Water 11:799
7. Fu Q, Malchi T, Carter LJ, Li H, Gan J, Chefetz B (2019) Pharmaceutical and personal care
products: from wastewater treatment into agro-food systems. Environ Sci Technol
53:14083–14090
8. Qin Q, Chen X, Zhuang J (2015) The fate and impact of pharmaceuticals and personal care
products in agricultural soils irrigated with reclaimed water. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol
45:1379–1408
9. Kinney CA, Furlong ET, Werner SL, Cahill JD (2006) Presence and distribution of
wastewater-derived pharmaceuticals in soil irrigated with reclaimed water. Environ Toxicol
Chem 25:317–326
10. Calderón-Preciado D, Jiménez-Cartagena C, Matamoros V, Bayona JM (2011) Screening of
47 organic microcontaminants in agricultural irrigation waters and their soil loading. Water
Res 45:221–231
11. Wu X, Dodgen LK, Conkle JL, Gan J (2015) Plant uptake of pharmaceutical and personal care
products from recycled water and biosolids: a review. Sci Total Environ 536:655–666
12. Kinney CA, Furlong ET, Zaugg SD, Burkhard MR, Werner SL, Cahill JD, Jorgensen GR
(2006) Survey of organic wastewater contaminants in biosolids destined for land application.
Environ Sci Technol 40:7207–7215
13. Hu X, Zhou Q, Luo Y (2010) Occurrence and source analysis of typical veterinary antibiotics
in manure, soil, vegetables and groundwater from organic vegetable bases, northern China.
Environ Pollut 158:2992–2998
14. Fu Q, Sanganyado E, Ye Q, Gan J (2016) Meta-analysis of biosolid effects on persistence of
triclosan and triclocarban in soil. Environ Pollut 210:137–144
15. Walters E, McClellan K, Halden RU (2010) Occurrence and loss over three years of 72 pharmaceuticals and personal care products from biosolids-soil mixtures in outdoor mesocosms.
Water Res 44:6011–6020
Vermiremediation of Pharmaceutical-Contaminated Soils and Organic Amendments
365