43. Chevillot F, Guyot M, Desrosiers M, Cadoret N, Veilleux E et al (2018) Accumulation and
sublethal effects of triclosan and its transformation product methyl-triclosan in the earthworm
Eisenia andrei exposed to environmental concentrations in an artificial soil. Environ Toxicol
Chem 37:1940–1948
44. Curieses PS, Saenz EM, Larramendy M, Di Marzio W (2016) Ecotoxicological evaluation of
foundry sands and cosmetic sludges using new earthworm biomarkers. Ecotoxicology
25:914–923
45. Parelho C, Rodrigues AS, Bernardo F, Barreto MC, Cunha L et al (2018) Biological endpoints
in earthworms (Amynthas gracilis) as tools for the ecotoxicity assessment of soils from
livestock production systems. Ecol Indic 95:984–990
46. Calisi A, Grimaldi A, Leomanni A, Lionetto MG, Dondero F et al (2016) Multibiomarker
response in the earthworm Eisenia fetida as tool for assessing multi-walled carbon nanotube
ecotoxicity. Ecotoxicology 25:677–687
47. Li M, Yang Y, Xie J, Xu G, Yu Y (2019) In-vivo and in-vitro tests to assess toxic mechanisms
of nano ZnO to earthworms. Sci Total Environ 687:71–76
48. Garcia-Gomez C, Babin M, Garcia S, Almendros P, Ana Perez R et al (2019) Joint effects of
zinc oxide nanoparticles and chlorpyrifos on the reproduction and cellular stress responses of
the earthworm Eisenia andrei. Sci Total Environ 688:199–207
49. Tatsi K, Shaw BJ, Hutchinson TH, Handy RD (2018) Copper accumulation and toxicity in
earthworms exposed to CuO nanomaterials: effects of particle coating and soil ageing.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 166:462–473
50. Adeel M, Ma C, Ullah S, Rizwan M, Hao Y et al (2019) Exposure to nickel oxide nanoparticles
insinuates physiological, ultrastructural and oxidative damage: a life cycle study on Eisenia
fetida. Environ Pollut 254:113032
51. Prendergast-Miller MT, Katsiamides A, Abbass M, Sturzenbaum SR, Thorpe KL et al (2019)
Polyester-derived microfibre impacts on the soil-dwelling earthworm Lumbricus terrestris.
Environ Pollut 251:453–459
52. Zhang B, Zhang T, Duan YS, Zhao Z, Huang XF et al (2019) Human exposure to phthalate
esters associated with e-waste dismantling: exposure levels, sources, and risk assessment.
Environ Int 124:1–9
53. Du L, Li G, Liu M, Li Y, Yin S et al (2015) Biomarker responses in earthworms (Eisenia fetida)
to soils contaminated with di-n-butyl phthalates. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:4660–4669
54. Du L, Li G, Liu M, Li Y, Yin S et al (2015) Evaluation of DNA damage and antioxidant system
induced by di-n-butyl phthalates exposure in earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Ecotoxicol Environ
Saf 115:75–82
55. Ma T, Zhou W, Chen Lk WL, Christie P et al (2017) Toxicity effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate to Eisenia fetida at enzyme, cellular and genetic levels. PLoS One 12:e0173957
56. Rodriguez-Seijo A, Lourenco J, Rocha-Santos TAP, da Costa J, Duarte AC et al (2017)
Histopathological and molecular effects of microplastics in Eisenia andrei bouche. Environ
Pollut 220:495–503
57. Rodriguez-Seijo A, da Costa JP, Rocha-Santos T, Duarte AC, Pereira R (2018) Oxidative stress,
energy metabolism and molecular responses of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to
low-density polyethylene microplastics. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25:33599–33610
58. Verdu I, Trigo D, Martinez-Guitarte JL, Novo M (2018) Bisphenol A in artificial soil: effects on
growth, reproduction and immunity in earthworms. Chemosphere 190:287–295
59. Novo M, Verdu I, Trigo D, Martinez-Guitarte JL (2018) Endocrine disruptors in soil: effects of
bisphenol A on gene expression of the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
150:159–167
60. Abdallah MA-E (2016) Environmental occurrence, analysis and human exposure to the flame
retardant tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBP-A)-a review. Environ Int 94:235–250
61. Chen X, Gu X, Zhao X, Ma X, Pan Y et al (2018) Species-dependent toxicity, accumulation,
and subcellular partitioning of cadmium in combination with tetrabromobisphenol A in earthworms. Chemosphere 210:1042–1050
336
M. Solé
sublethal effects of triclosan and its transformation product methyl-triclosan in the earthworm
Eisenia andrei exposed to environmental concentrations in an artificial soil. Environ Toxicol
Chem 37:1940–1948
44. Curieses PS, Saenz EM, Larramendy M, Di Marzio W (2016) Ecotoxicological evaluation of
foundry sands and cosmetic sludges using new earthworm biomarkers. Ecotoxicology
25:914–923
45. Parelho C, Rodrigues AS, Bernardo F, Barreto MC, Cunha L et al (2018) Biological endpoints
in earthworms (Amynthas gracilis) as tools for the ecotoxicity assessment of soils from
livestock production systems. Ecol Indic 95:984–990
46. Calisi A, Grimaldi A, Leomanni A, Lionetto MG, Dondero F et al (2016) Multibiomarker
response in the earthworm Eisenia fetida as tool for assessing multi-walled carbon nanotube
ecotoxicity. Ecotoxicology 25:677–687
47. Li M, Yang Y, Xie J, Xu G, Yu Y (2019) In-vivo and in-vitro tests to assess toxic mechanisms
of nano ZnO to earthworms. Sci Total Environ 687:71–76
48. Garcia-Gomez C, Babin M, Garcia S, Almendros P, Ana Perez R et al (2019) Joint effects of
zinc oxide nanoparticles and chlorpyrifos on the reproduction and cellular stress responses of
the earthworm Eisenia andrei. Sci Total Environ 688:199–207
49. Tatsi K, Shaw BJ, Hutchinson TH, Handy RD (2018) Copper accumulation and toxicity in
earthworms exposed to CuO nanomaterials: effects of particle coating and soil ageing.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 166:462–473
50. Adeel M, Ma C, Ullah S, Rizwan M, Hao Y et al (2019) Exposure to nickel oxide nanoparticles
insinuates physiological, ultrastructural and oxidative damage: a life cycle study on Eisenia
fetida. Environ Pollut 254:113032
51. Prendergast-Miller MT, Katsiamides A, Abbass M, Sturzenbaum SR, Thorpe KL et al (2019)
Polyester-derived microfibre impacts on the soil-dwelling earthworm Lumbricus terrestris.
Environ Pollut 251:453–459
52. Zhang B, Zhang T, Duan YS, Zhao Z, Huang XF et al (2019) Human exposure to phthalate
esters associated with e-waste dismantling: exposure levels, sources, and risk assessment.
Environ Int 124:1–9
53. Du L, Li G, Liu M, Li Y, Yin S et al (2015) Biomarker responses in earthworms (Eisenia fetida)
to soils contaminated with di-n-butyl phthalates. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:4660–4669
54. Du L, Li G, Liu M, Li Y, Yin S et al (2015) Evaluation of DNA damage and antioxidant system
induced by di-n-butyl phthalates exposure in earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Ecotoxicol Environ
Saf 115:75–82
55. Ma T, Zhou W, Chen Lk WL, Christie P et al (2017) Toxicity effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate to Eisenia fetida at enzyme, cellular and genetic levels. PLoS One 12:e0173957
56. Rodriguez-Seijo A, Lourenco J, Rocha-Santos TAP, da Costa J, Duarte AC et al (2017)
Histopathological and molecular effects of microplastics in Eisenia andrei bouche. Environ
Pollut 220:495–503
57. Rodriguez-Seijo A, da Costa JP, Rocha-Santos T, Duarte AC, Pereira R (2018) Oxidative stress,
energy metabolism and molecular responses of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to
low-density polyethylene microplastics. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25:33599–33610
58. Verdu I, Trigo D, Martinez-Guitarte JL, Novo M (2018) Bisphenol A in artificial soil: effects on
growth, reproduction and immunity in earthworms. Chemosphere 190:287–295
59. Novo M, Verdu I, Trigo D, Martinez-Guitarte JL (2018) Endocrine disruptors in soil: effects of
bisphenol A on gene expression of the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
150:159–167
60. Abdallah MA-E (2016) Environmental occurrence, analysis and human exposure to the flame
retardant tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBP-A)-a review. Environ Int 94:235–250
61. Chen X, Gu X, Zhao X, Ma X, Pan Y et al (2018) Species-dependent toxicity, accumulation,
and subcellular partitioning of cadmium in combination with tetrabromobisphenol A in earthworms. Chemosphere 210:1042–1050
336
M. Solé