Acknowledgments We would like to thank Damia Barcelo, Sandra Prez, and Serge Chiron for
having and inviting us to participate to the project AWARE within the ERA-NET WATERWORKS
2015–2016 (contract no. ANR-16-WTW5-0011-05). Sara Gallego-Blanco was supported by this
European Project. Fabrice Martin-Laurent was also supported by the ANTIBIOTOX project
(contract no. ANR-17-CE34-0003).
References
1. Hoebert J, Richard L, Peter S (2011) The world medicines situation 2011 – pharmaceutical
consumption. WHO, Geneva, pp 1–17
2. Ruhoy IS, Daughton CG (2008) Beyond the medicine cabinet: an analysis of where and why
medications accumulate. Environ Int 34:1157–1169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2008.05.
002
3. Daughton CG, Ruhoy IS (2009) Environmental footprint of pharmaceuticals: the significance
of factors beyond direct excretion to sewers. Environ Toxicol Chem 28:2495–2521. https://
doi.org/10.1897/08-382.1
4. Winker M, Faika D, Gulyas H, Otterpohl R (2008) A comparison of human pharmaceutical
concentrations in raw municipal wastewater and yellow water. Sci Total Environ 399:96–104.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.03.027
5. Kümmerer K (2008) Pharmaceuticals in the environment – a brief summary. In: Pharmaceuticals in the environment. Springer, Berlin, pp 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-54074664-5_1
6. Kümmerer K (2001) Drugs in the environment: emission of drugs, diagnostic aids and
disinfectants into wastewater by hospitals in relation to other sources – a review. Chemosphere
45:957–969. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00144-8
7. Paut Kusturica M, Tomas A, Sabo A (2017) Disposal of unused drugs: knowledge and
behavior among people around the world. In: Reviews of environmental contamination and
toxicology. Springer, New York, pp 71–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/398_2016_3
8. Tong AYC, Peake BM, Braund R (2011) Disposal practices for unused medications around
the world. Environ Int 37:292–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2010.10.002
9. Yadav MK, Short MD, Aryal R, Gerber C, van den Akker B, Saint CP (2017) Occurrence of
illicit drugs in water and wastewater and their removal during wastewater treatment. Water Res
124:713–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.07.068
10. Verlicchi P, Zambello E, Al Aukidy M (2013) Removal of pharmaceuticals by conventional
wastewater treatment plants. In: Comprehensive analytical chemistry. Elsevier, Amsterdam,
pp 231–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-62657-8.00008-2
11. Castiglioni S, Bagnati R, Calamari D, Fanelli R, Zuccato E (2005) A multiresidue analytical
method using solid-phase extraction and high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass
spectrometry to measure pharmaceuticals of different therapeutic classes in urban wastewaters.
J Chromatogr A 1092:206–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.07.012
12. Heberer T (2002) Occurrence, fate, and removal of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic
environment: a review of recent research data. Toxicol Lett 131:5–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S0378-4274(02)00041-3
13. Gros M, Mas-Pla J, Boy-Roura M, Geli I, Domingo F, Petrović M (2019) Veterinary
pharmaceuticals and antibiotics in manure and slurry and their fate in amended agricultural
soils: findings from an experimental field site (Baix Empordà, NE Catalonia). Sci Total
Environ 654:1337–1349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.061
14. Nõlvak H, Truu M, Kanger K, Tampere M, Espenberg M, Loit E, Raave H, Truu J (2016)
Inorganic and organic fertilizers impact the abundance and proportion of antibiotic resistance
282
S. Gallego and F. Martin-Laurent
having and inviting us to participate to the project AWARE within the ERA-NET WATERWORKS
2015–2016 (contract no. ANR-16-WTW5-0011-05). Sara Gallego-Blanco was supported by this
European Project. Fabrice Martin-Laurent was also supported by the ANTIBIOTOX project
(contract no. ANR-17-CE34-0003).
References
1. Hoebert J, Richard L, Peter S (2011) The world medicines situation 2011 – pharmaceutical
consumption. WHO, Geneva, pp 1–17
2. Ruhoy IS, Daughton CG (2008) Beyond the medicine cabinet: an analysis of where and why
medications accumulate. Environ Int 34:1157–1169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2008.05.
002
3. Daughton CG, Ruhoy IS (2009) Environmental footprint of pharmaceuticals: the significance
of factors beyond direct excretion to sewers. Environ Toxicol Chem 28:2495–2521. https://
doi.org/10.1897/08-382.1
4. Winker M, Faika D, Gulyas H, Otterpohl R (2008) A comparison of human pharmaceutical
concentrations in raw municipal wastewater and yellow water. Sci Total Environ 399:96–104.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.03.027
5. Kümmerer K (2008) Pharmaceuticals in the environment – a brief summary. In: Pharmaceuticals in the environment. Springer, Berlin, pp 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-54074664-5_1
6. Kümmerer K (2001) Drugs in the environment: emission of drugs, diagnostic aids and
disinfectants into wastewater by hospitals in relation to other sources – a review. Chemosphere
45:957–969. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(01)00144-8
7. Paut Kusturica M, Tomas A, Sabo A (2017) Disposal of unused drugs: knowledge and
behavior among people around the world. In: Reviews of environmental contamination and
toxicology. Springer, New York, pp 71–104. https://doi.org/10.1007/398_2016_3
8. Tong AYC, Peake BM, Braund R (2011) Disposal practices for unused medications around
the world. Environ Int 37:292–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2010.10.002
9. Yadav MK, Short MD, Aryal R, Gerber C, van den Akker B, Saint CP (2017) Occurrence of
illicit drugs in water and wastewater and their removal during wastewater treatment. Water Res
124:713–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.07.068
10. Verlicchi P, Zambello E, Al Aukidy M (2013) Removal of pharmaceuticals by conventional
wastewater treatment plants. In: Comprehensive analytical chemistry. Elsevier, Amsterdam,
pp 231–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-62657-8.00008-2
11. Castiglioni S, Bagnati R, Calamari D, Fanelli R, Zuccato E (2005) A multiresidue analytical
method using solid-phase extraction and high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass
spectrometry to measure pharmaceuticals of different therapeutic classes in urban wastewaters.
J Chromatogr A 1092:206–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.07.012
12. Heberer T (2002) Occurrence, fate, and removal of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic
environment: a review of recent research data. Toxicol Lett 131:5–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/
S0378-4274(02)00041-3
13. Gros M, Mas-Pla J, Boy-Roura M, Geli I, Domingo F, Petrović M (2019) Veterinary
pharmaceuticals and antibiotics in manure and slurry and their fate in amended agricultural
soils: findings from an experimental field site (Baix Empordà, NE Catalonia). Sci Total
Environ 654:1337–1349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.061
14. Nõlvak H, Truu M, Kanger K, Tampere M, Espenberg M, Loit E, Raave H, Truu J (2016)
Inorganic and organic fertilizers impact the abundance and proportion of antibiotic resistance
282
S. Gallego and F. Martin-Laurent