Soil Sorption and Degradation Studies
of Pharmaceutical Compounds Present
in Recycled Wastewaters Based
on Enantiomeric Fractionation
Monica Brienza, Belinda Huerta, Rayana Manasfi, and Serge Chiron
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
2 Pharmaceuticals in Soil: Occurrence, Sources, and Fate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
2.1 Factors Affecting Pharmaceutical Concentrations in Wastewater Effluent
and Irrigation Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
2.2 Occurrence in Soil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
3 Enantiomeric Fractionation as a Tool to Investigate the Fate of PhACs in Soil . . . . . . . . . . . 160
4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Abstract Wastewater (WW) reuse and biosolid application for vegetable crop
culture is a practice applied worldwide. This strategy helps mitigate the pressure
on water resources and improve the fertility of soil. Wastewater reuse is currently not
included in chemical risk assessment, but its application has risk of potential
accumulation of contaminants of emerging concern such as pharmaceutical active
compounds (PhACs). In fact, this practice has caused the uptake of PhACs by plant
and their subsequent entrance on the food chain. Residual quantities of contaminants
may enter in soil, and they can be accumulated or percolated, consequently leading
to contamination of groundwater. Herein, we report the main factors that play an
important role on the accumulation of PhACs in soil after irrigation with treated
wastewater. Limited data is actually available on the fate of PhACs in field studies
because several processes are in competition for their dissipation including sorption
M. Brienza (*)
Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
e-mail: monica.brienza@unibas.it
B. Huerta, R. Manasfi, and S. Chiron
UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Montpellier University, IRD, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
Sandra Pérez Solsona, Nicola Montemurro, Serge Chiron, and Damià Barceló (eds.),
Interaction and Fate of Pharmaceuticals in Soil-Crop Systems: The Impact of
Reclaimed Wastewater, Hdb Env Chem (2021) 103: 143–174, DOI 10.1007/698_2020_638,
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020, Published online: 26 October 2020
143
of Pharmaceutical Compounds Present
in Recycled Wastewaters Based
on Enantiomeric Fractionation
Monica Brienza, Belinda Huerta, Rayana Manasfi, and Serge Chiron
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
2 Pharmaceuticals in Soil: Occurrence, Sources, and Fate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
2.1 Factors Affecting Pharmaceutical Concentrations in Wastewater Effluent
and Irrigation Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
2.2 Occurrence in Soil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
3 Enantiomeric Fractionation as a Tool to Investigate the Fate of PhACs in Soil . . . . . . . . . . . 160
4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Abstract Wastewater (WW) reuse and biosolid application for vegetable crop
culture is a practice applied worldwide. This strategy helps mitigate the pressure
on water resources and improve the fertility of soil. Wastewater reuse is currently not
included in chemical risk assessment, but its application has risk of potential
accumulation of contaminants of emerging concern such as pharmaceutical active
compounds (PhACs). In fact, this practice has caused the uptake of PhACs by plant
and their subsequent entrance on the food chain. Residual quantities of contaminants
may enter in soil, and they can be accumulated or percolated, consequently leading
to contamination of groundwater. Herein, we report the main factors that play an
important role on the accumulation of PhACs in soil after irrigation with treated
wastewater. Limited data is actually available on the fate of PhACs in field studies
because several processes are in competition for their dissipation including sorption
M. Brienza (*)
Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
e-mail: monica.brienza@unibas.it
B. Huerta, R. Manasfi, and S. Chiron
UMR HydroSciences Montpellier, Montpellier University, IRD, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
Sandra Pérez Solsona, Nicola Montemurro, Serge Chiron, and Damià Barceló (eds.),
Interaction and Fate of Pharmaceuticals in Soil-Crop Systems: The Impact of
Reclaimed Wastewater, Hdb Env Chem (2021) 103: 143–174, DOI 10.1007/698_2020_638,
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020, Published online: 26 October 2020
143