638
99. Maeda C, Taniguchi T, Ogawa K, Ema T (2015) Bifunctional catalysts based on m- phenylenebridged porphyrin dimer and trimer platforms: synthesis of cyclic carbonates from carbon
dioxide and epoxides. Angew Chem Int Ed 54:134–138
100. Ema T, Miyazaki Y, Shimonishi J, Maeda C, Hasegawa J (2014) Bifunctional porphyrin catalysts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO 2 : structural optimization
and mechanistic study. J Am Chem Soc 136:15270–15279
101. Jayakumar S, Li H, Tao L, Li C, Liu L, Chen J, Yang Q (2018) Cationic Zn-porphyrin immobilized in mesoporous silicas as bifunctional catalyst for CO 2 cycloaddition reaction under
cocatalyst free conditions. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 6:9237–9245
102. Wu X, Castro-Osma JA, North M (2016) Synthesis of chiral cyclic carbonates via kinetic
resolution of racemic epoxides and carbon dioxide. Symmetry 8:4
103. Paddock RL, Nguyen ST (2004) Chiral(salen) Co
III catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates. Chem Commun:1622–1623
104. Ren WM, Wu GP, Lin F, Jiang JY, Liu C, Luo Y, Lu XB (2012) Role of the co-catalyst in the
asymmetric coupling of racemic epoxides with CO 2 using multi chiral Co(III) complexes:
product selectivity and enantioselectivity. Chem Sci 3:2094–2102
105. Honda M, Tamura M, Nakao K, Suzuki K, Nakagawa Y, Tomishige K (2014) Direct cyclic
carbonate synthesis from CO 2 and diol over carboxylation/hydration cascade catalyst of CeO 2
with 2-Cyanopyridine. ACS Catal 4:1893–1896
106. Tamura M, Ito K, Honda M, Nakagawa Y, Sugimoto H, Tomishige K (2016) Direct copolymerization of CO 2 and Diols. Sci Rep 6:24038
107. Cheng M, Lobkovsky EB, Coates GW (1998) Catalytic reactions involving C1 feedstocks:
new high-activity Zn(II)-based catalysts for the alternating copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxides. J Am Chem Soc 120:11018–11019
108. Nozaki K, Nakano K, Hiyama T (1999) Optically active polycarbonates: asymmetric
alternating copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide and carbon dioxide. J Am Chem Soc
121:11008–11009
109. Moore DR, Cheng M, Lobkovsky EB, Coates GW (2003) Mechanism of the alternating
copolymerization of epoxides and CO 2 using β-diiminate zinc catalysts: evidence for a bimetallic epoxide enchainment. J Am Chem Soc 125:11911–11924
110. Kember MR, Knight PD, Reung PTR, Williams CK (2009) Highly active dizinc catalyst for
the copolymerization of carbon dioxide and cyclohexene oxide at one atmosphere pressure.
Angew Chem Int Ed 48:931–933
111. Nakano K, Kobayashi K, Ohkawara T, Imoto H, Nozaki K (2013) Copolymerization of
epoxides with carbon dioxide catalyzed by iron–corrole complexes: synthesis of a crystalline
copolymer. J Am Chem Soc 135:8456–8459
112. Chaemchuen S, Semyonov OV, Dingemans J, Xu W, Zhuiykov S, Khan A, Verpoort F (2019)
Progress on catalyst development for direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO 2 and
methanol. Chem Afr 2:533. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250- 019- 00082- x
113. Gong J, Ma X, Wang S (2007) Phosgene-free approaches to catalytic synthesis of diphenyl
carbonate and its intermediates. Appl Catal A Gen 316:1–21
114. Pacheco MA, Marshall CL (1997) Review of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) manufacture and its
characteristics as a fuel additive. Energy Fuel 11:2–29
115. Saeidi S, Amin NAS, Rahimpour MR (2014) Hydrogenation of CO 2 to value added products—a review and potential future developments. J CO2 Util 5:66–81
116. Wang W, Wang S, Ma X, Gong J (2011) Recent advances in catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide. Chem Soc Rev 40:3703–3727
117. Ganesh I (2014) Conversion of carbon dioxide into methanol—a potential liquid fuel: fundamental challenges and opportunities (a review). Renew Sust Energ Rev 31:221–257
118. Behrens M, Zander S, Kurr P, Jacobsen N, Senker J, Koch G, Ressler T, Fischer RW, Schlogl
R (2013) Performance improvement of nanocatalysts by promoter-induced defects in the support material: methanol synthesis over Cu/ZnO:Al. J Am Chem Soc 135:6061–6068
R. Arunachalam et al.
99. Maeda C, Taniguchi T, Ogawa K, Ema T (2015) Bifunctional catalysts based on m- phenylenebridged porphyrin dimer and trimer platforms: synthesis of cyclic carbonates from carbon
dioxide and epoxides. Angew Chem Int Ed 54:134–138
100. Ema T, Miyazaki Y, Shimonishi J, Maeda C, Hasegawa J (2014) Bifunctional porphyrin catalysts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO 2 : structural optimization
and mechanistic study. J Am Chem Soc 136:15270–15279
101. Jayakumar S, Li H, Tao L, Li C, Liu L, Chen J, Yang Q (2018) Cationic Zn-porphyrin immobilized in mesoporous silicas as bifunctional catalyst for CO 2 cycloaddition reaction under
cocatalyst free conditions. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 6:9237–9245
102. Wu X, Castro-Osma JA, North M (2016) Synthesis of chiral cyclic carbonates via kinetic
resolution of racemic epoxides and carbon dioxide. Symmetry 8:4
103. Paddock RL, Nguyen ST (2004) Chiral(salen) Co
III catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates. Chem Commun:1622–1623
104. Ren WM, Wu GP, Lin F, Jiang JY, Liu C, Luo Y, Lu XB (2012) Role of the co-catalyst in the
asymmetric coupling of racemic epoxides with CO 2 using multi chiral Co(III) complexes:
product selectivity and enantioselectivity. Chem Sci 3:2094–2102
105. Honda M, Tamura M, Nakao K, Suzuki K, Nakagawa Y, Tomishige K (2014) Direct cyclic
carbonate synthesis from CO 2 and diol over carboxylation/hydration cascade catalyst of CeO 2
with 2-Cyanopyridine. ACS Catal 4:1893–1896
106. Tamura M, Ito K, Honda M, Nakagawa Y, Sugimoto H, Tomishige K (2016) Direct copolymerization of CO 2 and Diols. Sci Rep 6:24038
107. Cheng M, Lobkovsky EB, Coates GW (1998) Catalytic reactions involving C1 feedstocks:
new high-activity Zn(II)-based catalysts for the alternating copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxides. J Am Chem Soc 120:11018–11019
108. Nozaki K, Nakano K, Hiyama T (1999) Optically active polycarbonates: asymmetric
alternating copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide and carbon dioxide. J Am Chem Soc
121:11008–11009
109. Moore DR, Cheng M, Lobkovsky EB, Coates GW (2003) Mechanism of the alternating
copolymerization of epoxides and CO 2 using β-diiminate zinc catalysts: evidence for a bimetallic epoxide enchainment. J Am Chem Soc 125:11911–11924
110. Kember MR, Knight PD, Reung PTR, Williams CK (2009) Highly active dizinc catalyst for
the copolymerization of carbon dioxide and cyclohexene oxide at one atmosphere pressure.
Angew Chem Int Ed 48:931–933
111. Nakano K, Kobayashi K, Ohkawara T, Imoto H, Nozaki K (2013) Copolymerization of
epoxides with carbon dioxide catalyzed by iron–corrole complexes: synthesis of a crystalline
copolymer. J Am Chem Soc 135:8456–8459
112. Chaemchuen S, Semyonov OV, Dingemans J, Xu W, Zhuiykov S, Khan A, Verpoort F (2019)
Progress on catalyst development for direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO 2 and
methanol. Chem Afr 2:533. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42250- 019- 00082- x
113. Gong J, Ma X, Wang S (2007) Phosgene-free approaches to catalytic synthesis of diphenyl
carbonate and its intermediates. Appl Catal A Gen 316:1–21
114. Pacheco MA, Marshall CL (1997) Review of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) manufacture and its
characteristics as a fuel additive. Energy Fuel 11:2–29
115. Saeidi S, Amin NAS, Rahimpour MR (2014) Hydrogenation of CO 2 to value added products—a review and potential future developments. J CO2 Util 5:66–81
116. Wang W, Wang S, Ma X, Gong J (2011) Recent advances in catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide. Chem Soc Rev 40:3703–3727
117. Ganesh I (2014) Conversion of carbon dioxide into methanol—a potential liquid fuel: fundamental challenges and opportunities (a review). Renew Sust Energ Rev 31:221–257
118. Behrens M, Zander S, Kurr P, Jacobsen N, Senker J, Koch G, Ressler T, Fischer RW, Schlogl
R (2013) Performance improvement of nanocatalysts by promoter-induced defects in the support material: methanol synthesis over Cu/ZnO:Al. J Am Chem Soc 135:6061–6068
R. Arunachalam et al.