197
expected to drastically reduce the cost of acrylic acid production while improving
the environmental footprint of the process in the future. However, the challenges
associated with the catalyst deactivation and control of the selectivity are important
factors that need to be solved for any successful implementation of single-step process and use of the renewable feedstocks.
Circular and low carbon economy will drive the chemical and petrochemical
industries of twenty-first century that will demand development of advanced materials, intensified reactor technology, and distributed production based on small-scale
modular and energy-efficient plants. In future, important C3-based chemicals have
to be produced utilizing cheaper and alternative feedstocks such as propane, acetone, renewable methanol, and bio-based sources with the continued advances in the
catalytic technology.
References
1. Chemicals prices, news and analysis, chemicals market intelligence (2011) http://www.icis.
com/v2/chemicals/9076455/propylene/uses.html. Accessed 16 Aug 2011
2. Corma A, Corresa E, Mathieu Y, Sauvanaud L, Al-Bogami S, Al-Ghrami MS, Bourane A
(2017) Crude oil to chemicals: light olefins from crude oil. Cat Sci Technol 7:12–46
3. Propylene Production and Manufacturing Process I. C. I. S (Independent
Commodity Intelligence Services) (2007) https://www.icis.com/explore/resources/
news/2007/11/06/9076456/propylene- production- and- manufacturing- process
4. Bender M (2014) An overview of industrial processes for the production of olefins—C4
hydrocarbons. Chem Bio Eng Rev 1:136–147
5. Peter E, Richard K (2012) Propene. Ullmann’s encyclopedia of industrial chemistry. WileyVCH, Weinheim
6. Jasper S, El-Halwagi MM (2015) A techno-economic comparison between two methanol-topropylene processes. Processes 3:684–698
7. Marcello DF (2017) New catalytic process for production of olefins, oil & gas portal. http://
www.oil- gasportal.com/new- catalytic- process- for- production- of- olefins/?print=print
8. Ante J (2013) Production of olefins—steam cracking of hydrocarbons, petroleum refining and petrochemical processes, natural gas composition, classification, processing.
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c70b/5a3ae45c4e1750ffdc3a7ec21ddbfa12a390.
pdf?_ga=2.187285610.354597134.1582640836- 121132309.1582640836
9. Werner P (2011) Polyolefins. Applied plastics engineering handbook, processing and materials, plastic design library. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 23–48
10. Leon B (2011) Optimizing FCC operations in a high rare earth cost (market: part I).
RefineryOperations.com, vol 2, pp 1–7
11. Eren C, Nathan L, Theo JS, Jeremy W (2018) Petrochemicals 2030: reinventing the way
to win in a changing industry. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/chemicals/our- insights/
petrochemicals- 2030- reinventing- the- way- to- win- in- a- changing- industry
12. Advance in Naphtha Steam Cracking (Process Economics Program Report, 248A) IHS
Markit report. https://ihsmarkit.com/pdf/RP248A_toc_173653110917062932.pdf. Accessed
Dec 2005
13. Resid RFCC, Axens solutions. https://www.axens.net/product/process- licensing/10071/
r2r.html
14. Resid to propylene, axenes solutions, website: https://www.axens.net/product/processlicensing/20043/r2p- resid- to- propylene.html
C3-Based Petrochemicals: Recent Advances in Processes and Catalysts
expected to drastically reduce the cost of acrylic acid production while improving
the environmental footprint of the process in the future. However, the challenges
associated with the catalyst deactivation and control of the selectivity are important
factors that need to be solved for any successful implementation of single-step process and use of the renewable feedstocks.
Circular and low carbon economy will drive the chemical and petrochemical
industries of twenty-first century that will demand development of advanced materials, intensified reactor technology, and distributed production based on small-scale
modular and energy-efficient plants. In future, important C3-based chemicals have
to be produced utilizing cheaper and alternative feedstocks such as propane, acetone, renewable methanol, and bio-based sources with the continued advances in the
catalytic technology.
References
1. Chemicals prices, news and analysis, chemicals market intelligence (2011) http://www.icis.
com/v2/chemicals/9076455/propylene/uses.html. Accessed 16 Aug 2011
2. Corma A, Corresa E, Mathieu Y, Sauvanaud L, Al-Bogami S, Al-Ghrami MS, Bourane A
(2017) Crude oil to chemicals: light olefins from crude oil. Cat Sci Technol 7:12–46
3. Propylene Production and Manufacturing Process I. C. I. S (Independent
Commodity Intelligence Services) (2007) https://www.icis.com/explore/resources/
news/2007/11/06/9076456/propylene- production- and- manufacturing- process
4. Bender M (2014) An overview of industrial processes for the production of olefins—C4
hydrocarbons. Chem Bio Eng Rev 1:136–147
5. Peter E, Richard K (2012) Propene. Ullmann’s encyclopedia of industrial chemistry. WileyVCH, Weinheim
6. Jasper S, El-Halwagi MM (2015) A techno-economic comparison between two methanol-topropylene processes. Processes 3:684–698
7. Marcello DF (2017) New catalytic process for production of olefins, oil & gas portal. http://
www.oil- gasportal.com/new- catalytic- process- for- production- of- olefins/?print=print
8. Ante J (2013) Production of olefins—steam cracking of hydrocarbons, petroleum refining and petrochemical processes, natural gas composition, classification, processing.
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/c70b/5a3ae45c4e1750ffdc3a7ec21ddbfa12a390.
pdf?_ga=2.187285610.354597134.1582640836- 121132309.1582640836
9. Werner P (2011) Polyolefins. Applied plastics engineering handbook, processing and materials, plastic design library. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 23–48
10. Leon B (2011) Optimizing FCC operations in a high rare earth cost (market: part I).
RefineryOperations.com, vol 2, pp 1–7
11. Eren C, Nathan L, Theo JS, Jeremy W (2018) Petrochemicals 2030: reinventing the way
to win in a changing industry. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/chemicals/our- insights/
petrochemicals- 2030- reinventing- the- way- to- win- in- a- changing- industry
12. Advance in Naphtha Steam Cracking (Process Economics Program Report, 248A) IHS
Markit report. https://ihsmarkit.com/pdf/RP248A_toc_173653110917062932.pdf. Accessed
Dec 2005
13. Resid RFCC, Axens solutions. https://www.axens.net/product/process- licensing/10071/
r2r.html
14. Resid to propylene, axenes solutions, website: https://www.axens.net/product/processlicensing/20043/r2p- resid- to- propylene.html
C3-Based Petrochemicals: Recent Advances in Processes and Catalysts