109
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
K. K. Pant et al. (eds.), Catalysis for Clean Energy and Environmental
Sustainability, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65021-6_4
Emerging Trends in Solid Acid Catalyst
Alkylation Processes
Shivanand M. Pai, Raj Kumar Das, S. A. Kishore Kumar, Lalit Kumar,
Ashvin L. Karemore, and Bharat L. Newalkar
Abstract The development of green catalytic processes is receiving more focus
during recent times due to ever-increasing environmental concerns. As a result of
this, numerous attempts are being made to develop eco-friendly catalyst systems.
This has resulted in the emergence of novel zeolite-based solid acid catalyst systems, which now offer a platform for the development of environmentally benign
catalytic processes. Considering this aspect, the present chapter reviews evolution
of zeolite-based catalytic system for (a) C4-alkylation to meet EURO/BS-VI gasoline RON specifications, (b) valorization of benzene through alkylation route, and
(c) toluene alkylation for styrene production and brings out their current commercial practice and future outlook in industrial processes. Since these processes are
mostly useful in industrial production of bulk chemical or monomers, the focus of
the chapter lies in the development of novel catalytic systems in line with their
evolvement of commercial/industrial processes.
Keywords Alkylation · Hydroalkylation · Dehydrogenation · Styrene · BS-VI
gasoline · Research octane number
Abbreviations
ABS
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic
atm
Atmospheres (unit for pressure)
BF3
Boron trifluoride
BS-VI Bharat Stage 6 fuel specifications
Bz
Benzene
C
Carbon/coke
CCR
Continuous catalytic reforming
CH
Cyclohexane
CHB
Cyclohexylbenzene
CO
Carbon monoxide
S. M. Pai · R. K. Das · S. A. K. Kumar · L. Kumar · A. L. Karemore · B. L. Newalkar ()
Corporate R&D Centre, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited,
Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, India
e-mail: newalkarbl@bharatpetroleum.in
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
K. K. Pant et al. (eds.), Catalysis for Clean Energy and Environmental
Sustainability, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65021-6_4
Emerging Trends in Solid Acid Catalyst
Alkylation Processes
Shivanand M. Pai, Raj Kumar Das, S. A. Kishore Kumar, Lalit Kumar,
Ashvin L. Karemore, and Bharat L. Newalkar
Abstract The development of green catalytic processes is receiving more focus
during recent times due to ever-increasing environmental concerns. As a result of
this, numerous attempts are being made to develop eco-friendly catalyst systems.
This has resulted in the emergence of novel zeolite-based solid acid catalyst systems, which now offer a platform for the development of environmentally benign
catalytic processes. Considering this aspect, the present chapter reviews evolution
of zeolite-based catalytic system for (a) C4-alkylation to meet EURO/BS-VI gasoline RON specifications, (b) valorization of benzene through alkylation route, and
(c) toluene alkylation for styrene production and brings out their current commercial practice and future outlook in industrial processes. Since these processes are
mostly useful in industrial production of bulk chemical or monomers, the focus of
the chapter lies in the development of novel catalytic systems in line with their
evolvement of commercial/industrial processes.
Keywords Alkylation · Hydroalkylation · Dehydrogenation · Styrene · BS-VI
gasoline · Research octane number
Abbreviations
ABS
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic
atm
Atmospheres (unit for pressure)
BF3
Boron trifluoride
BS-VI Bharat Stage 6 fuel specifications
Bz
Benzene
C
Carbon/coke
CCR
Continuous catalytic reforming
CH
Cyclohexane
CHB
Cyclohexylbenzene
CO
Carbon monoxide
S. M. Pai · R. K. Das · S. A. K. Kumar · L. Kumar · A. L. Karemore · B. L. Newalkar ()
Corporate R&D Centre, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited,
Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, India
e-mail: newalkarbl@bharatpetroleum.in