Baldocchi, D. D., Vogel, A. C., & Hall, B. (1997). Seasonal variation of energy and water vapor
exchange rates above and below a boreal jack pine forest canopy. Journal of Geophysical
Research, 102, 28939–28951.
Blanken, P. D., Black, T. A., Yang, P. C., Neumann, H. H., Nesic, Z., Staebler, R., et al. (1997).
Energy balance and canopy conductance of a boreal aspen forest: partitioning overstory and
understory components. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 28915–28927.
Carrara, A., Janssens, I., Yuste, J., & Ceulemans, R. (2004). Seasonal changes in photosynthesis,
respiration and NEE of a mixed temperate forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 126,
15–31.
Carrara, A., Kowalski, A. S., Neirynck, J., Janssens, I. A., Yuste, J. C., & e Ceulemans, R. (2003).
Net ecosystem CO 2 exchange of mixed forest in Belgium over 5 years. Agricultural and Forest
Meteorology, 119, 209–227.
Cellier, P., & Brunet, Y. (1992). Flux-gradient relationships above tall plant canopies. Agricultural
and Forest Meteorology, 58, 93–117.
Ciais, P., Reichstein, M., Viovy, N., Granier, A., Ogee, J., Allard, V., et al. (2005). Europe-wide
reduction in primary productivity caused by the heat and drought in 2003. Nature, 437, 529–
533.
Coppin, P. A., Raupach, M. R., & Legg, B. J. (1986). Experiments on scalar dispersion within a
plant model canopy, Part II: An elevated plane source. Boundary Layer Meteorology, 35,
167–191.
Cunha, F. R. (1977). Meteorologia Geral e Agrícola. Mesologia e Meteorologia Agrícolas,
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Lisboa, (in portuguese).
Denmead, O. T., & Bradley, E. F. (1985). Flux-gradient relationships in a forest canopy, pp. 421–
442. In B. A Hutchinson, B. B. Hichs (eds.). The Forest-Atmosphere Interaction. Proceedings
of the Forest Environmental Measurements Conference, Reidel Publishing Company, p. 850.
Djomo, S. N., Kasmioui, O., & Ceulemans, R. (2011). Energy and greenhouse gas balance of
bioenergy production from poplar and willow: A review. GCB Bioenergy, 3, 181–197.
Ennos, A. R. (1991). The mechanics of anchorage in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of
Experimental Botany, 42, 1607–1613.
Falge, E., Baldocchi, D., Tenhunen, J., Aubinet, M., Bakwin, P., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, C.,
Burba, G., Clement, R., Davis, K. J., Elbers, J. A., Goldstein, A. H., Grelle, A., Granier, A.,
Gumundsson, J., Hollinger, D., Kowalski, A. S., Katul, G., Law, B. E., Malhi, Y., Meyers, T.,
Monson, R. K., Munger, J. W., Oechel, W., Paw Uv., Tha, K., Pilegaard, K., Rannik, Ü.,
Rebmann, C., Andrew Suyker, A., Valentini, R., Wilson, K., & Wofsy, S. (2002). Seasonality
of ecosystem respiration and gross primary production as derived from FLUXNET
measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 113, 53–74.
Fazu, C., & Schwerdtfeger, P. (1989). Flux-gradient relationships for momentum and heat over a
rough natural surface. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 115, 335–352.
Foken, T. (2008). Micrometeorology (p. 306). Berlin: Springer Verlag.
Foken, T. (2017). Micrometeorology (2nd ed.) (p. 362). Springer Verlag, Berlin.
Garrat, J. R. (1980). Surface influence upon vertical profiles in the atmospheric near-surface layer.
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 106, 803–819.
Garrat, J.R. (1994) The atmospheric boundary layer. Cambridge University Press, p. 316.
Gash, J. H. C., & Stewart, J. B. (1975). The average surface resistance of a pine forest derived
from bowen ratio measurements. Boundary Layer Meteorology, 8, 453–464.
Granier, A., Reichstein, M., Breda, N., Janssens, I. A., Falge, E., Ciais, P., et al. (2007). Evidence
for soil water control on carbon and water dynamics in european forests during the extremely
dry year: 2003. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 143, 123–145.
Green, S. R., Grace, J., & Hutchings, N. J. (1995). Observations of turbulent air flow in three
stands of widely spaced sitka spruce. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 74, 205–225.
Jarvis, P. G., & McNaughton, K. J. (1986). Stomatal control of transpiration: Scaling up from leaf
to region. Advances in Ecological Research, 15, 1–48.
130
4 Exchange of Energy and Mass Over Forest Canopies
exchange rates above and below a boreal jack pine forest canopy. Journal of Geophysical
Research, 102, 28939–28951.
Blanken, P. D., Black, T. A., Yang, P. C., Neumann, H. H., Nesic, Z., Staebler, R., et al. (1997).
Energy balance and canopy conductance of a boreal aspen forest: partitioning overstory and
understory components. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, 28915–28927.
Carrara, A., Janssens, I., Yuste, J., & Ceulemans, R. (2004). Seasonal changes in photosynthesis,
respiration and NEE of a mixed temperate forest. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 126,
15–31.
Carrara, A., Kowalski, A. S., Neirynck, J., Janssens, I. A., Yuste, J. C., & e Ceulemans, R. (2003).
Net ecosystem CO 2 exchange of mixed forest in Belgium over 5 years. Agricultural and Forest
Meteorology, 119, 209–227.
Cellier, P., & Brunet, Y. (1992). Flux-gradient relationships above tall plant canopies. Agricultural
and Forest Meteorology, 58, 93–117.
Ciais, P., Reichstein, M., Viovy, N., Granier, A., Ogee, J., Allard, V., et al. (2005). Europe-wide
reduction in primary productivity caused by the heat and drought in 2003. Nature, 437, 529–
533.
Coppin, P. A., Raupach, M. R., & Legg, B. J. (1986). Experiments on scalar dispersion within a
plant model canopy, Part II: An elevated plane source. Boundary Layer Meteorology, 35,
167–191.
Cunha, F. R. (1977). Meteorologia Geral e Agrícola. Mesologia e Meteorologia Agrícolas,
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Lisboa, (in portuguese).
Denmead, O. T., & Bradley, E. F. (1985). Flux-gradient relationships in a forest canopy, pp. 421–
442. In B. A Hutchinson, B. B. Hichs (eds.). The Forest-Atmosphere Interaction. Proceedings
of the Forest Environmental Measurements Conference, Reidel Publishing Company, p. 850.
Djomo, S. N., Kasmioui, O., & Ceulemans, R. (2011). Energy and greenhouse gas balance of
bioenergy production from poplar and willow: A review. GCB Bioenergy, 3, 181–197.
Ennos, A. R. (1991). The mechanics of anchorage in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of
Experimental Botany, 42, 1607–1613.
Falge, E., Baldocchi, D., Tenhunen, J., Aubinet, M., Bakwin, P., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, C.,
Burba, G., Clement, R., Davis, K. J., Elbers, J. A., Goldstein, A. H., Grelle, A., Granier, A.,
Gumundsson, J., Hollinger, D., Kowalski, A. S., Katul, G., Law, B. E., Malhi, Y., Meyers, T.,
Monson, R. K., Munger, J. W., Oechel, W., Paw Uv., Tha, K., Pilegaard, K., Rannik, Ü.,
Rebmann, C., Andrew Suyker, A., Valentini, R., Wilson, K., & Wofsy, S. (2002). Seasonality
of ecosystem respiration and gross primary production as derived from FLUXNET
measurements. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 113, 53–74.
Fazu, C., & Schwerdtfeger, P. (1989). Flux-gradient relationships for momentum and heat over a
rough natural surface. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 115, 335–352.
Foken, T. (2008). Micrometeorology (p. 306). Berlin: Springer Verlag.
Foken, T. (2017). Micrometeorology (2nd ed.) (p. 362). Springer Verlag, Berlin.
Garrat, J. R. (1980). Surface influence upon vertical profiles in the atmospheric near-surface layer.
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 106, 803–819.
Garrat, J.R. (1994) The atmospheric boundary layer. Cambridge University Press, p. 316.
Gash, J. H. C., & Stewart, J. B. (1975). The average surface resistance of a pine forest derived
from bowen ratio measurements. Boundary Layer Meteorology, 8, 453–464.
Granier, A., Reichstein, M., Breda, N., Janssens, I. A., Falge, E., Ciais, P., et al. (2007). Evidence
for soil water control on carbon and water dynamics in european forests during the extremely
dry year: 2003. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 143, 123–145.
Green, S. R., Grace, J., & Hutchings, N. J. (1995). Observations of turbulent air flow in three
stands of widely spaced sitka spruce. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 74, 205–225.
Jarvis, P. G., & McNaughton, K. J. (1986). Stomatal control of transpiration: Scaling up from leaf
to region. Advances in Ecological Research, 15, 1–48.
130
4 Exchange of Energy and Mass Over Forest Canopies