59
skeletons of marine invertebrates leading to decline of population and disintegration
of habitats (Domenici and Seebacher 2020).
2.4 Fluid Mechanics
A fluid is a material that continually flows under an applied shear stress.
Fluid mechanics is the specialization of physics that is concerned with the
mechanics of fluids as well as the forces on them.
Common terms used in fluid mechanics are given Table 2.4.
Adding surfactants (material capable of affecting the surface properties of a liquid) such as soaps and detergents that disrupt the intermolecular attractions between
neighboring water molecules can decrease the surface tension of water. Lower surface tension would improve cleansing action by easy diffusion on the surface of skin
(Chaudhary et al. 2020).
Human biological fluids contain various biochemicals such as proteins and phospholipids capable of adsorption at fluid interfaces and play a very important role in
the functioning of human organs. Surface tension of body fluids correlates directly
to the development of pathological states (Fathi-Azarbayjani and Jouyban 2015).
Fig. 2.5 Schematic
diagram for explaining
surface tension in a
fluid droplet
2.4 Fluid Mechanics