224
1. Amnesic shell-fish poisoning
2. Azaspiracid shellfish poisoning
3. Diarrheic shellfish poisoning
4. Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning
5. Paralytic shellfish poisoning
Ambiguous property rights and land scarcity can result in land conflict. The land
conflict at international level can be disastrous. A population of about 100 million was
reported to be in a state of humanitarian crisis in Afghanistan, occupied Palestinian
territory, Iraq, Somalia, Lebanon, and Sudan (WHO 2008). Population in conflict
affected lands would be directly affected due to injuries, disabilities, or death caused
by violence. Furthermore, the population in the areas of land conflicts is affected by
disturbance of infrastructure and daily social life (WHO 2008). Ecoterrorism, which
is a destruction of the environment by individuals or states, groups, in order to threaten
or to pressurize civilians or governments can also affect health of citizens.
The social factors affecting people in crisis settings include the following
(Fig. 6.3):
1. Absence of access to health services
2. Absence of safe water and sanitation
3. Poor nutrition
4. Poor quality housing
Survey in Kohistan district of Afghanistan during April 2001, which showed
most deaths among the children below 5 years of age were due to (Assefa et al. 2001):
Fig. 6.3 In the absence of
separate space for washing
a lady in poor community
is washing her cloths and
utensils in front of her
house adjacent to road
6 Public Health
1. Amnesic shell-fish poisoning
2. Azaspiracid shellfish poisoning
3. Diarrheic shellfish poisoning
4. Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning
5. Paralytic shellfish poisoning
Ambiguous property rights and land scarcity can result in land conflict. The land
conflict at international level can be disastrous. A population of about 100 million was
reported to be in a state of humanitarian crisis in Afghanistan, occupied Palestinian
territory, Iraq, Somalia, Lebanon, and Sudan (WHO 2008). Population in conflict
affected lands would be directly affected due to injuries, disabilities, or death caused
by violence. Furthermore, the population in the areas of land conflicts is affected by
disturbance of infrastructure and daily social life (WHO 2008). Ecoterrorism, which
is a destruction of the environment by individuals or states, groups, in order to threaten
or to pressurize civilians or governments can also affect health of citizens.
The social factors affecting people in crisis settings include the following
(Fig. 6.3):
1. Absence of access to health services
2. Absence of safe water and sanitation
3. Poor nutrition
4. Poor quality housing
Survey in Kohistan district of Afghanistan during April 2001, which showed
most deaths among the children below 5 years of age were due to (Assefa et al. 2001):
Fig. 6.3 In the absence of
separate space for washing
a lady in poor community
is washing her cloths and
utensils in front of her
house adjacent to road
6 Public Health