xxiv
Fig. 4.22 Diesel generator at a construction site for electric generation ............ 148
Fig. 4.23 Road sweeping .................................................................................... 149
Fig. 4.24 People exposed to pollutants ............................................................... 150
Fig. 4.25 Examples of physical, chemical, and biological characteristics
of pollutants, which define their impacts on health ............................ 150
Fig. 4.26 Classification of pollutants .................................................................. 153
Fig. 4.27 Water pollution due to waste discarded next to stream ....................... 155
Fig. 4.28 Schematic diagram of health impact due to solid waste ..................... 156
Fig. 4.29 Cathode ray tube of television disposed on road ................................ 157
Fig. 4.30 View of waste dump site ..................................................................... 161
Fig. 4.31 Chicken and cow feeding on garbage ................................................. 163
Fig. 4.32 Spillage and seepage during transportation of waste .......................... 164
Fig. 4.33 Waste segregation ................................................................................ 164
Fig. 4.34 Waste coconut being dried before being sent for oil extraction .......... 165
Fig. 4.35 Segregated paper and cardboard waste ............................................... 165
Fig. 4.36 Waste being received at collection centers .......................................... 166
Fig. 4.37 Manual waste segregation ................................................................... 166
Fig. 4.38 Waste storage ...................................................................................... 167
Fig. 4.39 Leachate generation from waste dump ............................................... 167
Fig. 4.40 Construction and demolition waste at the site of demolition .............. 168
Fig. 5.1 Usual forms of exposure–response relationships ................................ 176
Fig. 5.2 The clinical course of an ailment ........................................................ 177
Fig. 5.3 Branches of medicine .......................................................................... 177
Fig. 5.4 Different way of classifying medical specialties ................................ 178
Fig. 5.5 Stages of infectious disease ................................................................ 181
Fig. 5.6 Categorization of diseases based on the significance of diseases ....... 181
Fig. 5.7 Main causes of diseases ...................................................................... 183
Fig. 5.8 Major environmental factors that affect human health ....................... 184
Fig. 5.9 Froth formations in lake due to misuse of the common
property for discharge of untreated effluent ........................................ 187
Fig. 5.10 Use of lakes by animals to keep them cool ......................................... 188
Fig. 5.11 Use of lakes for disposing solid waste ................................................ 188
Fig. 5.12 Use of lakes by people to wash cloths ................................................ 189
Fig. 5.13 Remains reinforcement idols of clay idols after immersing
in water ................................................................................................ 189
Fig. 5.14 People washing cattle in surface water ............................................... 190
Fig. 5.15 People washing vehicle in surface water ............................................ 190
Fig. 5.16 Remains of worshiping material disposed in surface water body ....... 191
Fig. 5.17 Classification of immunity system ...................................................... 204
Fig. 5.18 Schematic diagram for explaining herd immunity .............................. 205
Fig. 5.19 Exposure to polluted air could lead to food contamination ................ 209
List of Figures
Fig. 4.22 Diesel generator at a construction site for electric generation ............ 148
Fig. 4.23 Road sweeping .................................................................................... 149
Fig. 4.24 People exposed to pollutants ............................................................... 150
Fig. 4.25 Examples of physical, chemical, and biological characteristics
of pollutants, which define their impacts on health ............................ 150
Fig. 4.26 Classification of pollutants .................................................................. 153
Fig. 4.27 Water pollution due to waste discarded next to stream ....................... 155
Fig. 4.28 Schematic diagram of health impact due to solid waste ..................... 156
Fig. 4.29 Cathode ray tube of television disposed on road ................................ 157
Fig. 4.30 View of waste dump site ..................................................................... 161
Fig. 4.31 Chicken and cow feeding on garbage ................................................. 163
Fig. 4.32 Spillage and seepage during transportation of waste .......................... 164
Fig. 4.33 Waste segregation ................................................................................ 164
Fig. 4.34 Waste coconut being dried before being sent for oil extraction .......... 165
Fig. 4.35 Segregated paper and cardboard waste ............................................... 165
Fig. 4.36 Waste being received at collection centers .......................................... 166
Fig. 4.37 Manual waste segregation ................................................................... 166
Fig. 4.38 Waste storage ...................................................................................... 167
Fig. 4.39 Leachate generation from waste dump ............................................... 167
Fig. 4.40 Construction and demolition waste at the site of demolition .............. 168
Fig. 5.1 Usual forms of exposure–response relationships ................................ 176
Fig. 5.2 The clinical course of an ailment ........................................................ 177
Fig. 5.3 Branches of medicine .......................................................................... 177
Fig. 5.4 Different way of classifying medical specialties ................................ 178
Fig. 5.5 Stages of infectious disease ................................................................ 181
Fig. 5.6 Categorization of diseases based on the significance of diseases ....... 181
Fig. 5.7 Main causes of diseases ...................................................................... 183
Fig. 5.8 Major environmental factors that affect human health ....................... 184
Fig. 5.9 Froth formations in lake due to misuse of the common
property for discharge of untreated effluent ........................................ 187
Fig. 5.10 Use of lakes by animals to keep them cool ......................................... 188
Fig. 5.11 Use of lakes for disposing solid waste ................................................ 188
Fig. 5.12 Use of lakes by people to wash cloths ................................................ 189
Fig. 5.13 Remains reinforcement idols of clay idols after immersing
in water ................................................................................................ 189
Fig. 5.14 People washing cattle in surface water ............................................... 190
Fig. 5.15 People washing vehicle in surface water ............................................ 190
Fig. 5.16 Remains of worshiping material disposed in surface water body ....... 191
Fig. 5.17 Classification of immunity system ...................................................... 204
Fig. 5.18 Schematic diagram for explaining herd immunity .............................. 205
Fig. 5.19 Exposure to polluted air could lead to food contamination ................ 209
List of Figures