198
9. Poverty
10. Sex
11. Size of the family
Contaminated water leads to many diseases that include diarrhea, the second
largest child-killer in the world.
Nitrate pollution in the water causes the “blue baby syndrome” and increased
carbon monoxide in air affects fetal growth as well as compromises organ/muscular
development in children.
5.15 Neurology and Psychiatry
Neurology is a branch of medical science dealing with disorders of the nervous system.
Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution is linked with cognitive impairment
as well as cerebrovascular disease (Wilker et al. 2015). Traffic-related air pollution
exposure is linked with adverse effects on cognitive, behavior, and psychomotor
development in children. Further, it is associated with cognitive decline as well as
higher risk of dementia in the elderly (Paula et al. 2018).
The neurodevelopmental effects of childhood due to lead exposure and lost productivity due to lead exposure cost about US$ 1 trillion every year in low- and
middle-income countries (LMICs) (Attina and Trasande 2013). This is seven times
the entire development assistance given to developing nations each year
(OECD 2015).
Psychiatry is a specialization of medical science that deals with the study as well
as treatment of mental illness, emotional disturbance, as well as abnormal behavior.
Environmental psychology is the study of relationship between environments its
effects on inhabitants.
Box 5.4 Pollution and Neurological Disease
Minamata disease a methyl mercury poisoning with neurological symptoms
named after it is first found in Minimata city in Japan, during 1956.
It was caused by the release of methyl mercury by Chisso Corporation’s
chemical factory in the industrial wastewater. Methyl mercury poisoning with
neurological symptoms was associated with consumptions of fish and shellfish that contaminated with toxic chemical discharged into the sea
(Noriyuki 2006).
5 Introduction to Medical Sciences
9. Poverty
10. Sex
11. Size of the family
Contaminated water leads to many diseases that include diarrhea, the second
largest child-killer in the world.
Nitrate pollution in the water causes the “blue baby syndrome” and increased
carbon monoxide in air affects fetal growth as well as compromises organ/muscular
development in children.
5.15 Neurology and Psychiatry
Neurology is a branch of medical science dealing with disorders of the nervous system.
Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution is linked with cognitive impairment
as well as cerebrovascular disease (Wilker et al. 2015). Traffic-related air pollution
exposure is linked with adverse effects on cognitive, behavior, and psychomotor
development in children. Further, it is associated with cognitive decline as well as
higher risk of dementia in the elderly (Paula et al. 2018).
The neurodevelopmental effects of childhood due to lead exposure and lost productivity due to lead exposure cost about US$ 1 trillion every year in low- and
middle-income countries (LMICs) (Attina and Trasande 2013). This is seven times
the entire development assistance given to developing nations each year
(OECD 2015).
Psychiatry is a specialization of medical science that deals with the study as well
as treatment of mental illness, emotional disturbance, as well as abnormal behavior.
Environmental psychology is the study of relationship between environments its
effects on inhabitants.
Box 5.4 Pollution and Neurological Disease
Minamata disease a methyl mercury poisoning with neurological symptoms
named after it is first found in Minimata city in Japan, during 1956.
It was caused by the release of methyl mercury by Chisso Corporation’s
chemical factory in the industrial wastewater. Methyl mercury poisoning with
neurological symptoms was associated with consumptions of fish and shellfish that contaminated with toxic chemical discharged into the sea
(Noriyuki 2006).
5 Introduction to Medical Sciences