65
Technical and Societal Challenges
4.2.2 Open Interconnect Consortium
Many standard bodies, consortiums, and alliances are currently working on IoT standard
issues. Few of the standards are shown in Table 4.3 [7].
Overcoming the challenge of interoperability and standardization may be the single
most important hurdle for IoT for mass usage, as it enables the boundless connections in
a connected world.
LOW-POWER WI-FI MODULES
The Wi-Fi module has an advantage in reducing the power consumption of battery
used in sensor-based applications and also eradicates the installation of extra gateways to communicate with existing Wi-Fi modules. It supports IEEE 802.11 protocol,
which provides transferring of data throughput in the range of hundreds of megabits per second. Wi-Fi devices can be interoperable with other devices using certain
gateway mechanisms.
ZIGBEE AND 6LOWPAN MODULES
ZigBee and 6LoWPAN supports IEEE 802.15.4 protocol for low-power consumption
applications such as low-power wireless sensor networks. Hence, they are suitable
in IoT applications in terms of low power consumption. The data rate of ZigBee and
6LoWPAN is in the range of 250 kilobits per second. ZigBee devices can interoperate
with other ZigBee devices using the Bluetooth profile. 6LoWPAN also offers interoperability with other wireless 802.15.4 devices as well as with devices of any other
standard using a simple bridge device.
Based on the study and implementation, Wi-Fi outperforms the other standards.
The transmission time of data on any network depends on the data rate, message
size, and the distance between two devices. When comparing Wi-Fi with ZigBee and
6LoWPAN, Wi-Fi acquires less time for data transmission because its data rate is
higher than the other two standards. Wi-Fi standard operating at higher data rates
also requires less power consumption and also sends or receives large amounts of
data. While considering the distance coverage range, Wi-Fi covers the maximum
70 m 2 at indoor systems and 225 m 2 at outdoor systems, whereas others cover a minimum range of distance and do not fit the outdoor system. Therefore, the Wi-Fi module is preferred for this proposed system of data transmission because of its high
data rate, short-range connectivity, interoperability, and less power consumption as
compared with other protocols.
REFERENCES
1. Mahmoud Shuker Mahmoud, Auday A. H. Mohamad, “A Study of Efficient Power
Consumption Wireless Communication Techniques/Modules for Internet of Things
(IoT) Applications.” Advances in Internet of Things Vol.06 No.02(2016).
2. 6 Key Challenges of the Internet of Things—A Guide to Building IoT Ready Devices.
eBook Tektronix.
Technical and Societal Challenges
4.2.2 Open Interconnect Consortium
Many standard bodies, consortiums, and alliances are currently working on IoT standard
issues. Few of the standards are shown in Table 4.3 [7].
Overcoming the challenge of interoperability and standardization may be the single
most important hurdle for IoT for mass usage, as it enables the boundless connections in
a connected world.
LOW-POWER WI-FI MODULES
The Wi-Fi module has an advantage in reducing the power consumption of battery
used in sensor-based applications and also eradicates the installation of extra gateways to communicate with existing Wi-Fi modules. It supports IEEE 802.11 protocol,
which provides transferring of data throughput in the range of hundreds of megabits per second. Wi-Fi devices can be interoperable with other devices using certain
gateway mechanisms.
ZIGBEE AND 6LOWPAN MODULES
ZigBee and 6LoWPAN supports IEEE 802.15.4 protocol for low-power consumption
applications such as low-power wireless sensor networks. Hence, they are suitable
in IoT applications in terms of low power consumption. The data rate of ZigBee and
6LoWPAN is in the range of 250 kilobits per second. ZigBee devices can interoperate
with other ZigBee devices using the Bluetooth profile. 6LoWPAN also offers interoperability with other wireless 802.15.4 devices as well as with devices of any other
standard using a simple bridge device.
Based on the study and implementation, Wi-Fi outperforms the other standards.
The transmission time of data on any network depends on the data rate, message
size, and the distance between two devices. When comparing Wi-Fi with ZigBee and
6LoWPAN, Wi-Fi acquires less time for data transmission because its data rate is
higher than the other two standards. Wi-Fi standard operating at higher data rates
also requires less power consumption and also sends or receives large amounts of
data. While considering the distance coverage range, Wi-Fi covers the maximum
70 m 2 at indoor systems and 225 m 2 at outdoor systems, whereas others cover a minimum range of distance and do not fit the outdoor system. Therefore, the Wi-Fi module is preferred for this proposed system of data transmission because of its high
data rate, short-range connectivity, interoperability, and less power consumption as
compared with other protocols.
REFERENCES
1. Mahmoud Shuker Mahmoud, Auday A. H. Mohamad, “A Study of Efficient Power
Consumption Wireless Communication Techniques/Modules for Internet of Things
(IoT) Applications.” Advances in Internet of Things Vol.06 No.02(2016).
2. 6 Key Challenges of the Internet of Things—A Guide to Building IoT Ready Devices.
eBook Tektronix.