59
4
Technical and Societal Challenges:
Examining the Profound Impacts of IoT
P.B. Pankajavalli
Bharathiar University
Coimbatore, India
CONTENTS
4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 60
4.2 Standards and Interoperability .......................................................................................... 60
4.2.1 Integration Issues .....................................................................................................63
4.2.1.1 Network-Based Integration .....................................................................63
4.2.1.2 Independent Integration ..........................................................................63
4.2.1.3 Approaches to Overcome Challenges ....................................................64
4.2.2 Open Interconnect Consortium .............................................................................65
4.3 Security .................................................................................................................................. 66
4.3.1 IoT Security Requirements ..................................................................................... 66
4.3.1.1 Device Layer Security ............................................................................... 67
4.3.1.2 Gateway Layer Security ........................................................................... 67
4.3.1.3 Service Layer Security .............................................................................. 67
4.3.2 Security Challenges ................................................................................................. 68
4.3.3 Approaches to Solve Security Challenges ............................................................ 69
4.4 Data Collection, Protection, and Privacy .......................................................................... 69
4.4.1 Privacy Concept ....................................................................................................... 69
4.4.2 Privacy Exploitation ................................................................................................ 70
4.4.3 Challenges ................................................................................................................. 70
4.5 Socio-Ethical Considerations ............................................................................................. 71
4.6 Scale ....................................................................................................................................... 72
4.7 Radio Spectrum .................................................................................................................... 72
4.8 Other Barriers ....................................................................................................................... 72
4.9 Green IoT ............................................................................................................................... 74
4.9.1 Green ICT toward Green IoT .................................................................................. 74
4.9.2 Future Work .............................................................................................................. 74
4.10 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 74
References ....................................................................................................................................... 75
4
Technical and Societal Challenges:
Examining the Profound Impacts of IoT
P.B. Pankajavalli
Bharathiar University
Coimbatore, India
CONTENTS
4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 60
4.2 Standards and Interoperability .......................................................................................... 60
4.2.1 Integration Issues .....................................................................................................63
4.2.1.1 Network-Based Integration .....................................................................63
4.2.1.2 Independent Integration ..........................................................................63
4.2.1.3 Approaches to Overcome Challenges ....................................................64
4.2.2 Open Interconnect Consortium .............................................................................65
4.3 Security .................................................................................................................................. 66
4.3.1 IoT Security Requirements ..................................................................................... 66
4.3.1.1 Device Layer Security ............................................................................... 67
4.3.1.2 Gateway Layer Security ........................................................................... 67
4.3.1.3 Service Layer Security .............................................................................. 67
4.3.2 Security Challenges ................................................................................................. 68
4.3.3 Approaches to Solve Security Challenges ............................................................ 69
4.4 Data Collection, Protection, and Privacy .......................................................................... 69
4.4.1 Privacy Concept ....................................................................................................... 69
4.4.2 Privacy Exploitation ................................................................................................ 70
4.4.3 Challenges ................................................................................................................. 70
4.5 Socio-Ethical Considerations ............................................................................................. 71
4.6 Scale ....................................................................................................................................... 72
4.7 Radio Spectrum .................................................................................................................... 72
4.8 Other Barriers ....................................................................................................................... 72
4.9 Green IoT ............................................................................................................................... 74
4.9.1 Green ICT toward Green IoT .................................................................................. 74
4.9.2 Future Work .............................................................................................................. 74
4.10 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 74
References ....................................................................................................................................... 75