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Aspects of Ambient Assisted Living and Its Applications
Micro Electro and Mechanical (MEMS) devices integrate the sensors, and mechanical
and electronic elements on a chip using micro-fabrication technology. MEMS play a crucial role in integration, sensor, communication, storage, and computational capability on a
single chip thereby reducing the size of the wearable device with sophisticated facilities in
a small device that can be worn with no disturbances. These sensors are reliable and can
also work on low power consumption (WSN 2009).
The architecture in Figure 8.11 consists of data acquisition, model to understand the
state of the person at any instance of time and handling timely activity to make decisions.
It includes hardware and software functional systems. Hardware system includes various sensors fixed at different places for various purposes. Device drivers are installed at
Home
Home care system
Sensor
Biosensor
Emergency medical service
H ospital
FIGURE 8.9
Emergency assistance for home care.
Cable
replacement
Home, office
public access
City,
suburbs
Country,
region
wide
Range
PAN
ZigBee
802.15.4
Bluetooth
802.15.1
UltraWideBand
802.15.3
WLAN
WMAN
WAN GSM
GPRS EDGE
UMTS
HSDPA
Wi-Fi
802.11b
802.11a/g/n
1 kbit/s
10 kbit/s
100 kbit/s
1 mbit/s
10 mbit/s
100 mbit/s
1 Gbit/s
Bit rate
Mobility
Limited
Full
WiMAX
802.16a/e
MobileFi
802.20
FIGURE 8.10
Wireless communication standards system.