135
Internet of Nano-Things Forensics
6. Report: The final phase of the digital forensic process is to make an organized
report about findings to present in a court of law. There is a challenge in IoNTF
to present these types of digital evidence that the jury may have less knowledge
about.
7.3.4 Opportunities
There are many sources which will help digital practitioners to identify valuable information about IoNT-related crimes. These locations and sources include all hardware and
software in IoNT environment. Studying IoT forensics will help reduce the complexity and
challenges in performing IoNTF in a timely fashion and forensically sound manner. There
are some solutions proposed in Balasubramaniam and Kangasharju (2013) to make data
collection possible in an IoNT environment; these solutions may help the investigators and
examiners understand how to collect evidential data related to an incident or crime in an
efficient and effective manner. The challenges and proposed solutions are presented in
Table 7.1.
7.4 IoNTF Investigation Model
This section introduces an IoNTF investigation model for assisting and supporting reliable digital forensics investigations in the IoNT environment. From the above definition of
IoNTF, we identify that the digital investigation process in the IoNT could be done in three
digital forensics levels as follows:
1. Nanodevice forensics level
2. Internet forensics level
3. IoNT services/application forensics level
TABLE 7.1
Data Collection in IoNT
Category
Challenge
Proposed Solution
System
architecture
A high ratio of nanosensors to microgateways
could lead to swift energy depletion if
microgateways must process information
from every nanosensor.
Distribute the sink architecture and develop
a two-layered hierarchy consisting of
microgateways and nanonetworks.
Routing
technology
Molecular nanonetworks: Informationcarrying molecules could move very slowly
between nodes as well as become lost.
Opportunistic routing through multihop
relays of nanodevices; base the topology on
random or unstructured graphs.
EM nanonetworks: Limited memory,
computational power, and energy will
constrain data transmission between nodes.
Single-hop transmission to microgateways
through a star topology; incorporate
query-based routing, with queries routed
between microgateways.
With only one microgateway per
nanonetwork, bulk data transmission
could be difficult.
Incorporate unconventional routing
technologies such as mobile delay-tolerant
networks to carry bulk data.
Source: Balasubramaniam, S., and J. Kangasharju, Computer, 2, 62–68, 2013.
Internet of Nano-Things Forensics
6. Report: The final phase of the digital forensic process is to make an organized
report about findings to present in a court of law. There is a challenge in IoNTF
to present these types of digital evidence that the jury may have less knowledge
about.
7.3.4 Opportunities
There are many sources which will help digital practitioners to identify valuable information about IoNT-related crimes. These locations and sources include all hardware and
software in IoNT environment. Studying IoT forensics will help reduce the complexity and
challenges in performing IoNTF in a timely fashion and forensically sound manner. There
are some solutions proposed in Balasubramaniam and Kangasharju (2013) to make data
collection possible in an IoNT environment; these solutions may help the investigators and
examiners understand how to collect evidential data related to an incident or crime in an
efficient and effective manner. The challenges and proposed solutions are presented in
Table 7.1.
7.4 IoNTF Investigation Model
This section introduces an IoNTF investigation model for assisting and supporting reliable digital forensics investigations in the IoNT environment. From the above definition of
IoNTF, we identify that the digital investigation process in the IoNT could be done in three
digital forensics levels as follows:
1. Nanodevice forensics level
2. Internet forensics level
3. IoNT services/application forensics level
TABLE 7.1
Data Collection in IoNT
Category
Challenge
Proposed Solution
System
architecture
A high ratio of nanosensors to microgateways
could lead to swift energy depletion if
microgateways must process information
from every nanosensor.
Distribute the sink architecture and develop
a two-layered hierarchy consisting of
microgateways and nanonetworks.
Routing
technology
Molecular nanonetworks: Informationcarrying molecules could move very slowly
between nodes as well as become lost.
Opportunistic routing through multihop
relays of nanodevices; base the topology on
random or unstructured graphs.
EM nanonetworks: Limited memory,
computational power, and energy will
constrain data transmission between nodes.
Single-hop transmission to microgateways
through a star topology; incorporate
query-based routing, with queries routed
between microgateways.
With only one microgateway per
nanonetwork, bulk data transmission
could be difficult.
Incorporate unconventional routing
technologies such as mobile delay-tolerant
networks to carry bulk data.
Source: Balasubramaniam, S., and J. Kangasharju, Computer, 2, 62–68, 2013.