Peculiarities of Reconstruction Work
as a Result of Possible Terrorist Attacks
on Out-of-Class Bridges
O. Shymanovskyi, V. Shalinskyi, and W. Baran
Abstract The paper sets out theoretical foundations and applicative recommendations regarding reconstruction work on out-of-class bridges as a result of possible
terrorist attacks. It is determined that the traditional building design system under
variable loads was developed on the basis of a thorough study of repetitive phenomena
(for example, loads arising at regular intervals, ranging from moderate to a strong
degree of intensity), which can be predicted through a statistical approach. In contrast,
cases of explosions or intentional strikes during terrorist attacks are characterized as
very low-probability loads, although they lead to the most catastrophic consequences.
Close interaction between explosion loads and typical construction loads is one of the
important factors that has only recently begun to be considered in practical design
activities. And so, in many cases, it is now necessary to take into account all the
loads, however rare or unbelievable, such as those caused by the attacks of criminal
elements on buildings and engineering structures in view of terrorists’ intentions
to use destruction of facilities to achieve their objectives. In this sense, it is very
important to recognize early the emergency situations and ensure the security of
objects of possible terrorist attacks, which most often belong to objects of strategic
vital importance (government facilities, high-risk facilities, unified transport infrastructure objects, especially important electric power industry facilities and places of
mass stay of people etc.), and take preventive measures to ensure the operation of the
main load-bearing construction systems and structural members which are sufficient
to counteract the development of such situations. The two most important bridges in
Kyiv across the Dnieper River are considered as objects of study: the Paton Bridge,
1542.2 m long (the world’s first all-welded bridge with the girder system of such a
length) and the Darnytsky Rail-Road Bridge, 1061.6 m long. The paper summarizes
the description of structural solutions for bridges. Possible variants of terrorist acts
O. Shymanovskyi (B) · V. Shalinskyi
V. Shymanovskyi Ukrainian Institute of Steel Construction, 2/1, V. Shymanovskyi str., Kyiv
02125, Ukraine
e-mail: ashim@urdisc.com.ua
W. Baran
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Opole University of Technology, ul. Katowicka 48,
45-061 Opole, Poland
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Z. Zembaty et al. (eds.), Environmental Challenges in Civil
Engineering, Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 122,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63879-5_2
15
as a Result of Possible Terrorist Attacks
on Out-of-Class Bridges
O. Shymanovskyi, V. Shalinskyi, and W. Baran
Abstract The paper sets out theoretical foundations and applicative recommendations regarding reconstruction work on out-of-class bridges as a result of possible
terrorist attacks. It is determined that the traditional building design system under
variable loads was developed on the basis of a thorough study of repetitive phenomena
(for example, loads arising at regular intervals, ranging from moderate to a strong
degree of intensity), which can be predicted through a statistical approach. In contrast,
cases of explosions or intentional strikes during terrorist attacks are characterized as
very low-probability loads, although they lead to the most catastrophic consequences.
Close interaction between explosion loads and typical construction loads is one of the
important factors that has only recently begun to be considered in practical design
activities. And so, in many cases, it is now necessary to take into account all the
loads, however rare or unbelievable, such as those caused by the attacks of criminal
elements on buildings and engineering structures in view of terrorists’ intentions
to use destruction of facilities to achieve their objectives. In this sense, it is very
important to recognize early the emergency situations and ensure the security of
objects of possible terrorist attacks, which most often belong to objects of strategic
vital importance (government facilities, high-risk facilities, unified transport infrastructure objects, especially important electric power industry facilities and places of
mass stay of people etc.), and take preventive measures to ensure the operation of the
main load-bearing construction systems and structural members which are sufficient
to counteract the development of such situations. The two most important bridges in
Kyiv across the Dnieper River are considered as objects of study: the Paton Bridge,
1542.2 m long (the world’s first all-welded bridge with the girder system of such a
length) and the Darnytsky Rail-Road Bridge, 1061.6 m long. The paper summarizes
the description of structural solutions for bridges. Possible variants of terrorist acts
O. Shymanovskyi (B) · V. Shalinskyi
V. Shymanovskyi Ukrainian Institute of Steel Construction, 2/1, V. Shymanovskyi str., Kyiv
02125, Ukraine
e-mail: ashim@urdisc.com.ua
W. Baran
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Opole University of Technology, ul. Katowicka 48,
45-061 Opole, Poland
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
Z. Zembaty et al. (eds.), Environmental Challenges in Civil
Engineering, Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering 122,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63879-5_2
15