The Influence of Grinding Method on the Particle Size …
151
respectively in case of non-ground additives, and 22% and 40% respectively in case
of additionally ground additives.
Reduction of the compressive strength due to replacement of a part of cement with
mineral additives was observed, however, does not disqualify their use in the concrete
technology. Since it contributes to reduction of the carbon dioxide emission to air,
while keeping still satisfactory strength parameters. In addition, it shall be expected
that after a longer curing time, differences in strength values of mortars obtained
would be reduced because, as it is commonly known, these additives reduce the
strength growth rate in the early period of curing.
Results of compressive strength tests indicate that the increase of cement fineness
affects the increase of this parameter (in this case by ca. 22%). A similar impact
was observed when fly ash and blast furnace slag was added, for which the grinding
process increased the compressive strength obtained by 8% and 6% respectively.
Rheological tests demonstrated that along with the increase of mineral additives fineness, the increase of rheological parameter values was observed in case
of all pastes tested. Also a significant growth of the hysteresis loop surface area was
observed in case of the fly ash additive.
References
1. Tavakoli D, Hashempour M, Heidari A (2018) Use of waste materials in concrete: a review.
Pertanika J Sci Technol 26:499–522
2. Damtoft JS, Lukasik J, Herfort D, Sorrentino D, Gartner EM (2008) Sustainable development
and climate change initiatives. Cem Concr Res 38:115–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEM
CONRES.2007.09.008
3. Agarwal SK (2006) Pozzolanic activity of various siliceous materials. Cem Concr Res 36:1735–
1739. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEMCONREoS.2004.06.025
4. Siddique R, Naik TR (2004) Properties of concrete containing scrap-tire rubber—an overview.
Waste Manag 24:563–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WASMAN.2004.01.006
5. Misra AK, Mathur R (2007) Magnesium oxychloride cement concrete. Bull Mater Sci 30:239–
246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-007-0043-4
6. Hadj Aissa Y, Goual I, Benabed B (2020) Mix-design and properties of self-compacting
concrete made with calcareous tuff. J Build Eng 27:100997. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JOBE.
2019.100997
7. Shi C, Qian J (2000) High performance cementing materials from industrial slags—a review.
Resour Conserv Recycl 29:195–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-3449(99)00060-9
8. Moya J, Pardo N, Mercier A (2010) Energy efficiency and CO 2 emissions: prospective scenarios
for the cement industry. https://doi.org/10.2790/25732
9. Edwards P (2017) Global cement top 100 report 2017–2018. Glob Cem, Mag
10. Olivier J, Peters J, Janssens-Maenhout G (2012) Trends in global CO 2 emissions 2012 report.
https://doi.org/10.2788/33777
11. Bakhtyar B, Kacemi T, Nawaz MA (2017) A review on carbon emissions in Malaysian cement
industry. Int. J Energy Econ Policy 7:282–286
12. Senhadji Y, Escadeillas G, Mouli M, Khelafi H (2014) Benosman, Influence of natural pozzolan,
silica fume and limestone fine on strength, acid resistance and microstructure of mortar. Powder
Technol 254:314–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.POWTEC.2014.01.046
151
respectively in case of non-ground additives, and 22% and 40% respectively in case
of additionally ground additives.
Reduction of the compressive strength due to replacement of a part of cement with
mineral additives was observed, however, does not disqualify their use in the concrete
technology. Since it contributes to reduction of the carbon dioxide emission to air,
while keeping still satisfactory strength parameters. In addition, it shall be expected
that after a longer curing time, differences in strength values of mortars obtained
would be reduced because, as it is commonly known, these additives reduce the
strength growth rate in the early period of curing.
Results of compressive strength tests indicate that the increase of cement fineness
affects the increase of this parameter (in this case by ca. 22%). A similar impact
was observed when fly ash and blast furnace slag was added, for which the grinding
process increased the compressive strength obtained by 8% and 6% respectively.
Rheological tests demonstrated that along with the increase of mineral additives fineness, the increase of rheological parameter values was observed in case
of all pastes tested. Also a significant growth of the hysteresis loop surface area was
observed in case of the fly ash additive.
References
1. Tavakoli D, Hashempour M, Heidari A (2018) Use of waste materials in concrete: a review.
Pertanika J Sci Technol 26:499–522
2. Damtoft JS, Lukasik J, Herfort D, Sorrentino D, Gartner EM (2008) Sustainable development
and climate change initiatives. Cem Concr Res 38:115–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEM
CONRES.2007.09.008
3. Agarwal SK (2006) Pozzolanic activity of various siliceous materials. Cem Concr Res 36:1735–
1739. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEMCONREoS.2004.06.025
4. Siddique R, Naik TR (2004) Properties of concrete containing scrap-tire rubber—an overview.
Waste Manag 24:563–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WASMAN.2004.01.006
5. Misra AK, Mathur R (2007) Magnesium oxychloride cement concrete. Bull Mater Sci 30:239–
246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-007-0043-4
6. Hadj Aissa Y, Goual I, Benabed B (2020) Mix-design and properties of self-compacting
concrete made with calcareous tuff. J Build Eng 27:100997. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JOBE.
2019.100997
7. Shi C, Qian J (2000) High performance cementing materials from industrial slags—a review.
Resour Conserv Recycl 29:195–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-3449(99)00060-9
8. Moya J, Pardo N, Mercier A (2010) Energy efficiency and CO 2 emissions: prospective scenarios
for the cement industry. https://doi.org/10.2790/25732
9. Edwards P (2017) Global cement top 100 report 2017–2018. Glob Cem, Mag
10. Olivier J, Peters J, Janssens-Maenhout G (2012) Trends in global CO 2 emissions 2012 report.
https://doi.org/10.2788/33777
11. Bakhtyar B, Kacemi T, Nawaz MA (2017) A review on carbon emissions in Malaysian cement
industry. Int. J Energy Econ Policy 7:282–286
12. Senhadji Y, Escadeillas G, Mouli M, Khelafi H (2014) Benosman, Influence of natural pozzolan,
silica fume and limestone fine on strength, acid resistance and microstructure of mortar. Powder
Technol 254:314–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.POWTEC.2014.01.046