110
S. M. Kalinovi´ c et al.
As with the decrement factor, the lighter structures have a shorter phase delay
than the massive ones.
The surface heat capacities represent the heat capacity per unit area of a structural
element and they are defined as:
k 1 =
T
2π
Z 11 − 1
Z 12
, k 2 =
T
2π
Z 22 − 1
Z 12
.
(12)
Calculating all the above parameters, considering that elements of the Z nm transfer
matrix appear in all the equations, requires knowing the thermal characteristics of
each wall layer λ i , ρ i , c i , as well as its thickness d i .
3 Results and Discussion
The procedure for calculating the dynamic characteristics of walls includes: identifying the materials that make the layers of a building component, thickness of
those layers and the thermal characteristics of the materials; determination of period
of temperature change on surfaces; calculation of the heat penetration depth for the
material of each layer; determination of the transfer matrix for each layer (component)
and multiplication of the transfer matrix of each layer, excluding those peripheral
layers, in the correct order to obtain the transfer matrix of the wall.
Below, three different wall structures of the same total thickness with and without
plant cover, were considered.
All the data on wall structures are given in Tables 1, 2 and 3 and Fig. 1. Table 1
shows dimensions of individual layers, constituting different wall structures, with the
same total thickness. Table 2 presents composition of different walls. In Table 3 are
presented characteristics of different materials applied in considered walls. Figure 1
shows thickness, heat conduction coefficient and specific mass of walls 1–6.
Table 1 Wall structure—dimensions of layers
Wall structure
Layer thickness of the wall (m)
Wall 1 Wall 2 Wall 3 Wall 4 Wall 5 Wall 6
Extension lime mortar
0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012
Concrete with stone aggregates
0.2
0.2
Full brick
0.2
0.2
Lightweight concrete blocks
0.2
0.2
Thermal insulation-stone wool
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
Synthetic board made of multilayer polyester 0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Softwood panels
–
–
–
0.015 0.015 0.015
Ivy
–
–
–
0.2
0.2
0.2
S. M. Kalinovi´ c et al.
As with the decrement factor, the lighter structures have a shorter phase delay
than the massive ones.
The surface heat capacities represent the heat capacity per unit area of a structural
element and they are defined as:
k 1 =
T
2π
Z 11 − 1
Z 12
, k 2 =
T
2π
Z 22 − 1
Z 12
.
(12)
Calculating all the above parameters, considering that elements of the Z nm transfer
matrix appear in all the equations, requires knowing the thermal characteristics of
each wall layer λ i , ρ i , c i , as well as its thickness d i .
3 Results and Discussion
The procedure for calculating the dynamic characteristics of walls includes: identifying the materials that make the layers of a building component, thickness of
those layers and the thermal characteristics of the materials; determination of period
of temperature change on surfaces; calculation of the heat penetration depth for the
material of each layer; determination of the transfer matrix for each layer (component)
and multiplication of the transfer matrix of each layer, excluding those peripheral
layers, in the correct order to obtain the transfer matrix of the wall.
Below, three different wall structures of the same total thickness with and without
plant cover, were considered.
All the data on wall structures are given in Tables 1, 2 and 3 and Fig. 1. Table 1
shows dimensions of individual layers, constituting different wall structures, with the
same total thickness. Table 2 presents composition of different walls. In Table 3 are
presented characteristics of different materials applied in considered walls. Figure 1
shows thickness, heat conduction coefficient and specific mass of walls 1–6.
Table 1 Wall structure—dimensions of layers
Wall structure
Layer thickness of the wall (m)
Wall 1 Wall 2 Wall 3 Wall 4 Wall 5 Wall 6
Extension lime mortar
0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012 0.012
Concrete with stone aggregates
0.2
0.2
Full brick
0.2
0.2
Lightweight concrete blocks
0.2
0.2
Thermal insulation-stone wool
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
Synthetic board made of multilayer polyester 0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
Softwood panels
–
–
–
0.015 0.015 0.015
Ivy
–
–
–
0.2
0.2
0.2