6 Conclusion
The production of biohydrogen from lignocellulosic waste
would become a major and attractive future source of energy
(Saratale et al. 2008) even though it is still undergoing a
development. Hydrogen produced from this class of waste is
faced with several limitations, especially the associated low
yield. Nevertheless, this process holds promising benefits for
the energy of the global world but better strategies must be
sought to improve the process to optimize hydrogen yield
from it. Research in the area of production of hydrogen from
hemicelluloses is still fragmentary. Presently, hydrogen
produced from bioconversion of renewable materials like
hemicelluloses cannot compete with hydrogen produced
from non-renewable sources despite the fact that the latter
causes lots of harm to the environment. However, more
research should focus on steps to be taken to increase
hydrogen yield from lignocellulosic materials by developing
innovative ways to overcome challenges leading to the low
yield. The complex nature of hemicellulose which is created
by the linkages of different monomers that need to be broken
down into simpler separated monomers for it to be utilized in
hydrogen production have actually made research development in this regard problematic. This area is open to novel
research ideas that will help tackle this problem, thereby
optimizing hydrogen yield from it at low cost and energy.
References
Allahverdiyeva, Y., Leino, K., Saari, L., Fewer, D. P., Shunmugam, S.,
Sivonen, K., et al. (2008). Biofules generation form sweet sorghum:
Fermentative hydrogen production and anaerobic digestion of the
remaining biomass. Bioresource Technology, 99, 110–119.
Amin, F. R., Khalid, H., Zhang H. et al. (2017). Pretreatment of
lignocellulosic biomass for anaerobic digestion. AMB Express 7,
72. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-017-0375-4
Anish, R., & Rao, M. (2009). Bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass
part iii hydrolysis and fermentation. Handbook of Plant-Based
Biofuels, 159–173
Apilak, S., Pensri, P., Sureewan, S., Mallika,B. K., Siriporn, L., &
Alissara, R. (2019). Bio-hydrogen and methane production from
lignocellulosic materials, biomass for bioenergy - recent trends and
future challenges, Abd Ed-Fatah Abomohra, intechopen. http://dx.
doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85138,
Aresta, M., Dibenedetto, A., & Dumeignil, F. (2012). Biorefinery: from
biomass to chemicals and fuels. Berlin; Boston, MA: Walter de
Gruyter & Co.
Argun, H., Kargi, F., Kapdan, I. K., & Oztekin, R. (2008). Biohydrogen
production by dark fermentation of wheat powder solution: Effects
of C/N and C/P ratio on hydrogen yield and formation rate.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33, 1813–1819. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.01.038.
Argun, H., Kargi, F., & Kapdan, I. (2009). Microbial culture selection
for bio-hydrogen production from waste ground wheat by dark
fermentation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 34, 2195–
2200.
Ariunbaatar, J., Panico, A., Esposito, G., Pirozzi, F., & Lens, P. N. L.
(2014). Pretreatment methods to enhance anaerobic digestion of
organic solid waste. Applied Energy, 123, 143–156.
Avellar, B. K., & Glasser W. G. (1998). Steam-assisted biomass
fractionation. Process considerations and economic evaluation.
Biomass Bioenergy 14(3), 205–18.
Baêta, B. E. L., Lima, D. R. S., Filho, J. G. B., Adarme, O. F. H.,
Gurgel, L. V. A., & de Aquino, S. F. (2016). Evaluation of
hydrogen and methane production from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysates by two-stage anaerobic digestion process.
Bioresource Technology, 218, 436–446.
Balat, M., Balat, H., & Öz, C. (2008). Progress in bioethanol
processing. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 34,
551–573.
Bjerre, A. B., Olesen, A. B., Fernqvist, T., Ploger, A., & Schmidt, A. S.
(1996). Pretreatment of wheat straw using combined wet oxidation
and alkaline hydrolysis resulting in convertible cellulose and
hemicelluloses. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 49(5), 568–577.
Bugge, M. M., Hansen, T., & Klitkou, A. (2016). What is the
bioeconomy? A review of the literature. Sustainability 8(7).
Canilha, L., Almeida e Silva, J. B., Solenzal, A. I. N. (2004).
Eucalyptus hydrolysate detoxification with active charcoal adsorption or ion-exchange resins for xylitol production. Process
Biochemistry 39, 1909–1912
Canilha, L., Carvalho, W., Giulietti, M., Felipe, M. G. A., Almeida e
Silva, J. B. (2008). Clarification of wheat straw-derived medium
with ion-exchange resins for xylitol crystallization. Journal of
Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 83, 715–721
Canilha, L., Chandel, A. K., dos Santos, Milessi T. S., Antunes, F.
A. F., da Costa, Freitas W. L., Felipe, M. G. A., et al. (2012).
Bioconversion of sugarcane biomass into ethanol: An overview
about composition, pretreatment methods, detoxification of hydrolysates, enzymatic saccharification, and ethanol fermentation.
Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology. https://doi.org/10.
1155/2012/989572.
Canilha, L., Rodrigues, R. C. L. B., Antunes, F. A. F., Chandel, A. K.,
Milessi, T. S., d A Felipe, M. & da Silva, S. S. (2013).
Bioconversion of hemicellulose from sugarcane biomass into
sustainable products. In A. K. Chandel & S. S. da Silva (Eds.),
Sustainable degradation of lignocellulosic biomass-techniques,
applications and commercialization. Croatia: InTech. http://dx.
doi.org/10.5772/1490.
Cantarella, M., Cantarella, L., Gallifuoco, A., Spera, A., & Alfani, F.
(2004). Comparison of different detoxification methods for
steam-exploded poplar wood as a substrate for the bioproduction
of ethanol in SHF and SSF. Process Biochemistry, 39, 1533–1542.
Cao, G., Zhao, L., Wang, A., Wang, Z., & Ren, N. (2014). Single-step
bioconversion of lignocellulose to hydrogen using novel moderately
thermophilic bacteria. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 7, 82.
Carlo, A. P. F., Hamelinck, N., & Hooijdonk, G V. (2005). Ethanol
from lignocellulosic biomass: techno-economic performance in
short-, middle- and long-term, 28, 384–410.
Carvalheiro, F., Duarte, L. C., & Gírio, F. M. (2008). Hemicellulose
biorefineries: A review on biomass pretreatments. Journal of
Scientific & Industrial Research, 67, 849–864.
Carvalho, W., Batista, M. A., Canilha, L., Santos, J. C., Converti, A., &
Silva, S. S. (2004). Sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis with phosphoric
and sulfuric acids and hydrolysate detoxification for xylitol
production. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,
79(11), 1308–1312.
Chamy, R., Illanes, A., Aroca, G., & Nunes, I. (1994). Acid hydrolysis
of sugarbeet pulp as pretreatment for fermentation. Bioresource
Technology, 50, 149.
Chandel, A. K., Silva, S. S., & Singh, O. V. (2011). Detoxification of
lignocellulosic hydrolysates for improved bioethanol production.
324
V. C. Akubude et al.
The production of biohydrogen from lignocellulosic waste
would become a major and attractive future source of energy
(Saratale et al. 2008) even though it is still undergoing a
development. Hydrogen produced from this class of waste is
faced with several limitations, especially the associated low
yield. Nevertheless, this process holds promising benefits for
the energy of the global world but better strategies must be
sought to improve the process to optimize hydrogen yield
from it. Research in the area of production of hydrogen from
hemicelluloses is still fragmentary. Presently, hydrogen
produced from bioconversion of renewable materials like
hemicelluloses cannot compete with hydrogen produced
from non-renewable sources despite the fact that the latter
causes lots of harm to the environment. However, more
research should focus on steps to be taken to increase
hydrogen yield from lignocellulosic materials by developing
innovative ways to overcome challenges leading to the low
yield. The complex nature of hemicellulose which is created
by the linkages of different monomers that need to be broken
down into simpler separated monomers for it to be utilized in
hydrogen production have actually made research development in this regard problematic. This area is open to novel
research ideas that will help tackle this problem, thereby
optimizing hydrogen yield from it at low cost and energy.
References
Allahverdiyeva, Y., Leino, K., Saari, L., Fewer, D. P., Shunmugam, S.,
Sivonen, K., et al. (2008). Biofules generation form sweet sorghum:
Fermentative hydrogen production and anaerobic digestion of the
remaining biomass. Bioresource Technology, 99, 110–119.
Amin, F. R., Khalid, H., Zhang H. et al. (2017). Pretreatment of
lignocellulosic biomass for anaerobic digestion. AMB Express 7,
72. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-017-0375-4
Anish, R., & Rao, M. (2009). Bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass
part iii hydrolysis and fermentation. Handbook of Plant-Based
Biofuels, 159–173
Apilak, S., Pensri, P., Sureewan, S., Mallika,B. K., Siriporn, L., &
Alissara, R. (2019). Bio-hydrogen and methane production from
lignocellulosic materials, biomass for bioenergy - recent trends and
future challenges, Abd Ed-Fatah Abomohra, intechopen. http://dx.
doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85138,
Aresta, M., Dibenedetto, A., & Dumeignil, F. (2012). Biorefinery: from
biomass to chemicals and fuels. Berlin; Boston, MA: Walter de
Gruyter & Co.
Argun, H., Kargi, F., Kapdan, I. K., & Oztekin, R. (2008). Biohydrogen
production by dark fermentation of wheat powder solution: Effects
of C/N and C/P ratio on hydrogen yield and formation rate.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 33, 1813–1819. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.01.038.
Argun, H., Kargi, F., & Kapdan, I. (2009). Microbial culture selection
for bio-hydrogen production from waste ground wheat by dark
fermentation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 34, 2195–
2200.
Ariunbaatar, J., Panico, A., Esposito, G., Pirozzi, F., & Lens, P. N. L.
(2014). Pretreatment methods to enhance anaerobic digestion of
organic solid waste. Applied Energy, 123, 143–156.
Avellar, B. K., & Glasser W. G. (1998). Steam-assisted biomass
fractionation. Process considerations and economic evaluation.
Biomass Bioenergy 14(3), 205–18.
Baêta, B. E. L., Lima, D. R. S., Filho, J. G. B., Adarme, O. F. H.,
Gurgel, L. V. A., & de Aquino, S. F. (2016). Evaluation of
hydrogen and methane production from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose hydrolysates by two-stage anaerobic digestion process.
Bioresource Technology, 218, 436–446.
Balat, M., Balat, H., & Öz, C. (2008). Progress in bioethanol
processing. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 34,
551–573.
Bjerre, A. B., Olesen, A. B., Fernqvist, T., Ploger, A., & Schmidt, A. S.
(1996). Pretreatment of wheat straw using combined wet oxidation
and alkaline hydrolysis resulting in convertible cellulose and
hemicelluloses. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 49(5), 568–577.
Bugge, M. M., Hansen, T., & Klitkou, A. (2016). What is the
bioeconomy? A review of the literature. Sustainability 8(7).
Canilha, L., Almeida e Silva, J. B., Solenzal, A. I. N. (2004).
Eucalyptus hydrolysate detoxification with active charcoal adsorption or ion-exchange resins for xylitol production. Process
Biochemistry 39, 1909–1912
Canilha, L., Carvalho, W., Giulietti, M., Felipe, M. G. A., Almeida e
Silva, J. B. (2008). Clarification of wheat straw-derived medium
with ion-exchange resins for xylitol crystallization. Journal of
Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 83, 715–721
Canilha, L., Chandel, A. K., dos Santos, Milessi T. S., Antunes, F.
A. F., da Costa, Freitas W. L., Felipe, M. G. A., et al. (2012).
Bioconversion of sugarcane biomass into ethanol: An overview
about composition, pretreatment methods, detoxification of hydrolysates, enzymatic saccharification, and ethanol fermentation.
Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology. https://doi.org/10.
1155/2012/989572.
Canilha, L., Rodrigues, R. C. L. B., Antunes, F. A. F., Chandel, A. K.,
Milessi, T. S., d A Felipe, M. & da Silva, S. S. (2013).
Bioconversion of hemicellulose from sugarcane biomass into
sustainable products. In A. K. Chandel & S. S. da Silva (Eds.),
Sustainable degradation of lignocellulosic biomass-techniques,
applications and commercialization. Croatia: InTech. http://dx.
doi.org/10.5772/1490.
Cantarella, M., Cantarella, L., Gallifuoco, A., Spera, A., & Alfani, F.
(2004). Comparison of different detoxification methods for
steam-exploded poplar wood as a substrate for the bioproduction
of ethanol in SHF and SSF. Process Biochemistry, 39, 1533–1542.
Cao, G., Zhao, L., Wang, A., Wang, Z., & Ren, N. (2014). Single-step
bioconversion of lignocellulose to hydrogen using novel moderately
thermophilic bacteria. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 7, 82.
Carlo, A. P. F., Hamelinck, N., & Hooijdonk, G V. (2005). Ethanol
from lignocellulosic biomass: techno-economic performance in
short-, middle- and long-term, 28, 384–410.
Carvalheiro, F., Duarte, L. C., & Gírio, F. M. (2008). Hemicellulose
biorefineries: A review on biomass pretreatments. Journal of
Scientific & Industrial Research, 67, 849–864.
Carvalho, W., Batista, M. A., Canilha, L., Santos, J. C., Converti, A., &
Silva, S. S. (2004). Sugarcane bagasse hydrolysis with phosphoric
and sulfuric acids and hydrolysate detoxification for xylitol
production. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,
79(11), 1308–1312.
Chamy, R., Illanes, A., Aroca, G., & Nunes, I. (1994). Acid hydrolysis
of sugarbeet pulp as pretreatment for fermentation. Bioresource
Technology, 50, 149.
Chandel, A. K., Silva, S. S., & Singh, O. V. (2011). Detoxification of
lignocellulosic hydrolysates for improved bioethanol production.
324
V. C. Akubude et al.