Table 2 (continued)
Type
Species
By-products
Items of interest
obtained
Beneficial
properties
Uses
References
decreased DNA
damage in
leukocytes
Blue grapes
(Myrciaria
vexatorMcVaugh)
Pomace
Polyphenols,
anthocyanins and
carotenoids
Antioxidant
activity and
good source of
protein, dietary
fibre, calcium,
and ascorbic
acid
Products with
high nutritional
value
Castro-Vargas et al.
(2019)
Cacao
(Theobroma
cacao)
Seed
Phenols,
flavonoids, tannins,
alkaloids, steroid,
cardiac glycoside,
terpenoids,
anthraquinones and
saponins
Antioxidant
activities and
potential
anticancer
property
Pharmaceutical
products
Mattioli et al. (2020)
Hazelnut
(Coryllus
avellana)
Peel
Phenolic
compounds, fibre
and fatty acids
Nutritional and
antioxidant
value
Animal feeding
Ebuehi et al. (2019,
Campione et al. (2020)
Hazelnut
(Coryllus
avellana)
Shell
Lignins
Antioxidant
capacity and UV
blocker agent
Cosmeceutical
formulations
Carus and Dammer
(2018)
Chestnut
(Castanea sativa)
Inner and
outer shells,
burs and
leaves
Phenolic
compounds and
tannins
Antioxidant and
antimicrobial
capacity
Nutraceuticals
and antioxidant
additives
Caccamo et al. (2019)
Pomegranate
(Punica
granatum L.)
Peels, marc
Phenolic
compounds,
anthocyanins
Antioxidant
activity,
Inhibition of
human platelet
aggregation
Potential novel
ingredients (i.e.
polyphenol
enriched apples)
Silva et al. (2020)
Berries
(VacciniumL.)
Berry press
residues
Phenolic
compounds,
anthocyanins
Antioxidant
activity
Functional
ingredients
Turrini et al. (2020)
Walnut (Juglans
regia)
Shell
Lignins
Antioxidant
capacity and UV
blocker agent
Cosmeceutical
formulations
Carus and Dammer
(2018)
Cereals
Barley (Hordeum
vulgare)
Milled
husks
Fibre
Gut microbiota
modulator
Animal feeding
Klavins et al. (2018)
Oat (Avena
sativa)
Fibre
residue
Fibre
Gut microbiota
modulator
Animal feeding
Klavins et al. (2018)
Rye (Secale
cereal)
Bran
Fibre
Gut microbiota
modulator
Animal feeding
Klavins et al. (2018)
Wheat (Triticum
spp.)
Brann
Germ
Shorts
Tannins,
carotenoids, total
phenolic and total
flavonoids contents
Antioxidant
capacity
Functional food
Berger et al. (2014)
Wheat (Triticum
spp.)
Bran
Middling
Aleurone
Phenolic acids,
betaine and choline
Presence of
bioactive
compounds
Animal feeding
and functional
food
Smuda et al. (2018)
Maize (Zea mays)
Bran
Germ
Tannins,
carotenoids, total
Antioxidant
capacity
Functional food
Berger et al. (2014)
(continued)
238
Á. Fernández-Ochoa et al.
Type
Species
By-products
Items of interest
obtained
Beneficial
properties
Uses
References
decreased DNA
damage in
leukocytes
Blue grapes
(Myrciaria
vexatorMcVaugh)
Pomace
Polyphenols,
anthocyanins and
carotenoids
Antioxidant
activity and
good source of
protein, dietary
fibre, calcium,
and ascorbic
acid
Products with
high nutritional
value
Castro-Vargas et al.
(2019)
Cacao
(Theobroma
cacao)
Seed
Phenols,
flavonoids, tannins,
alkaloids, steroid,
cardiac glycoside,
terpenoids,
anthraquinones and
saponins
Antioxidant
activities and
potential
anticancer
property
Pharmaceutical
products
Mattioli et al. (2020)
Hazelnut
(Coryllus
avellana)
Peel
Phenolic
compounds, fibre
and fatty acids
Nutritional and
antioxidant
value
Animal feeding
Ebuehi et al. (2019,
Campione et al. (2020)
Hazelnut
(Coryllus
avellana)
Shell
Lignins
Antioxidant
capacity and UV
blocker agent
Cosmeceutical
formulations
Carus and Dammer
(2018)
Chestnut
(Castanea sativa)
Inner and
outer shells,
burs and
leaves
Phenolic
compounds and
tannins
Antioxidant and
antimicrobial
capacity
Nutraceuticals
and antioxidant
additives
Caccamo et al. (2019)
Pomegranate
(Punica
granatum L.)
Peels, marc
Phenolic
compounds,
anthocyanins
Antioxidant
activity,
Inhibition of
human platelet
aggregation
Potential novel
ingredients (i.e.
polyphenol
enriched apples)
Silva et al. (2020)
Berries
(VacciniumL.)
Berry press
residues
Phenolic
compounds,
anthocyanins
Antioxidant
activity
Functional
ingredients
Turrini et al. (2020)
Walnut (Juglans
regia)
Shell
Lignins
Antioxidant
capacity and UV
blocker agent
Cosmeceutical
formulations
Carus and Dammer
(2018)
Cereals
Barley (Hordeum
vulgare)
Milled
husks
Fibre
Gut microbiota
modulator
Animal feeding
Klavins et al. (2018)
Oat (Avena
sativa)
Fibre
residue
Fibre
Gut microbiota
modulator
Animal feeding
Klavins et al. (2018)
Rye (Secale
cereal)
Bran
Fibre
Gut microbiota
modulator
Animal feeding
Klavins et al. (2018)
Wheat (Triticum
spp.)
Brann
Germ
Shorts
Tannins,
carotenoids, total
phenolic and total
flavonoids contents
Antioxidant
capacity
Functional food
Berger et al. (2014)
Wheat (Triticum
spp.)
Bran
Middling
Aleurone
Phenolic acids,
betaine and choline
Presence of
bioactive
compounds
Animal feeding
and functional
food
Smuda et al. (2018)
Maize (Zea mays)
Bran
Germ
Tannins,
carotenoids, total
Antioxidant
capacity
Functional food
Berger et al. (2014)
(continued)
238
Á. Fernández-Ochoa et al.