14. Human Rights Watch, False Freedom: Online
Censorship in the Middle East and North Africa:
Syria, November 2005, http://hrw.org/reports/
2005/mena1105/.
15. Jihad Yazigi, “Syrian telecom to be gradually liberalized,” The Syria Report, January 10, 2005,
http://www.syria-report.com/article2.asp?id=1657
(paid subscription required).
16. The Initiative for an Open Arab Internet, Implacable
Adversaries: Arab Governments and the Internet:
Syria, December 2006, http://www.openarab.net/
en/reports/net2006/syria.shtml.
17. Human Rights Watch, False Freedom: Online
Censorship in the Middle East and North Africa:
Syria, November 2005, http://hrw.org/reports/
2005/mena1105/.
18. OpenNet Initiative interview with a Syrian computer
consultant who requested anonymity, November 13,
2006.
19. Aya’s list of “VIP plans,” for example, is available at
http://aya.sy/?id=vip.
20. The Initiative for an Open Arab Internet, Implacable
Adversaries: Arab Governments and the Internet:
Syria, December 2006, http://www.openarab.net/en/
reports/net2006/syria.shtml.
21. Human Rights Watch, False Freedom: Online
Censorship in the Middle East and North Africa:
Syria, November 2005, http://hrw.org/reports/2005/
mena1105/.
22. The Constitution of the Arab Republic of Syria, Article
38, http://www.oefre.unibe.ch/law/icl/sy00000_.html.
23. Syrian Human Rights Committee, Special Report:
Repressive Laws in Syria, February 19, 2001,
http://www.shrc.org.uk/data/aspx/d4/254.aspx#D3.
24. Ibid.
25. Human Rights Watch, Memorandum to the Syrian
Government, Decree No. 51/2001: Human Rights
Concerns, January 31, 2002, http://hrw.org/
backgrounder/mena/syria/.
26. Ibid.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid.
29. Human Rights Watch, False Freedom: Online
Censorship in the Middle East and North Africa:
Syria, November 2005,
http://hrw.org/reports/2005/mena1105/.
30. Ibid.
31. Megan K. Stack, “Arabs take byte at regimes,”
Democracy Council, September 12, 2005,
http://www.democracycouncil.org/ArabsTakeByte.cfm.
32. The Initiative for an Open Arab Internet, Implacable
Adversaries: Arab Governments and the Internet:
Syria, December 2006, http://www.openarab.net/en/
reports/net2006/syria.shtml.
384
Country Summaries
Censorship in the Middle East and North Africa:
Syria, November 2005, http://hrw.org/reports/
2005/mena1105/.
15. Jihad Yazigi, “Syrian telecom to be gradually liberalized,” The Syria Report, January 10, 2005,
http://www.syria-report.com/article2.asp?id=1657
(paid subscription required).
16. The Initiative for an Open Arab Internet, Implacable
Adversaries: Arab Governments and the Internet:
Syria, December 2006, http://www.openarab.net/
en/reports/net2006/syria.shtml.
17. Human Rights Watch, False Freedom: Online
Censorship in the Middle East and North Africa:
Syria, November 2005, http://hrw.org/reports/
2005/mena1105/.
18. OpenNet Initiative interview with a Syrian computer
consultant who requested anonymity, November 13,
2006.
19. Aya’s list of “VIP plans,” for example, is available at
http://aya.sy/?id=vip.
20. The Initiative for an Open Arab Internet, Implacable
Adversaries: Arab Governments and the Internet:
Syria, December 2006, http://www.openarab.net/en/
reports/net2006/syria.shtml.
21. Human Rights Watch, False Freedom: Online
Censorship in the Middle East and North Africa:
Syria, November 2005, http://hrw.org/reports/2005/
mena1105/.
22. The Constitution of the Arab Republic of Syria, Article
38, http://www.oefre.unibe.ch/law/icl/sy00000_.html.
23. Syrian Human Rights Committee, Special Report:
Repressive Laws in Syria, February 19, 2001,
http://www.shrc.org.uk/data/aspx/d4/254.aspx#D3.
24. Ibid.
25. Human Rights Watch, Memorandum to the Syrian
Government, Decree No. 51/2001: Human Rights
Concerns, January 31, 2002, http://hrw.org/
backgrounder/mena/syria/.
26. Ibid.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid.
29. Human Rights Watch, False Freedom: Online
Censorship in the Middle East and North Africa:
Syria, November 2005,
http://hrw.org/reports/2005/mena1105/.
30. Ibid.
31. Megan K. Stack, “Arabs take byte at regimes,”
Democracy Council, September 12, 2005,
http://www.democracycouncil.org/ArabsTakeByte.cfm.
32. The Initiative for an Open Arab Internet, Implacable
Adversaries: Arab Governments and the Internet:
Syria, December 2006, http://www.openarab.net/en/
reports/net2006/syria.shtml.
384
Country Summaries