9. Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), Indian
Telecom Services Performance Indicators April-June
2006, http://www.trai.gov.in/Reports_content.
asp?id=29; http://www.indiabroadband.net/
bsnl-broadband/2676-bsnl-top-isp-india.html.
10. TRAI Annual Report 2005–2006,
http://www.trai.gov.in/traiannualreport.asp.
11. Indrajit Basu, “Security and censorship: India to clip
the wings of Internet,” January 16, 2007, Digital
Communities, http://www.govtech.net/
digitalcommunities/story.php?id=103332.
12. Article 19, The Constitution (Ninety-Third
Amendment) Act, January 20, 2006,
http://lawmin.nic.in/coi.htm.
13. Articles 13–15, Press Council Act 1978,
http://presscouncil.nic.in/act.htm.
14. Parishi Sanjanwala, Internet Filtering in India,
unpublished paper.
15. Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Policy
Guidelines for Setting up Community Radio Stations
in India, http://mib.nic.in/welcome.html; Ministry of
Information and Broadcasting, Grant of Permission
Agreement, http://mib.nic.in/fm/fmmainpg.htm. See
also Subramanian Vincent, “Community radio gets
its day,” India Together, November 18, 2006,
http://www.indiatogether.org/2006/nov/sbv-cradio.htm.
16. See Thankom G. Arun, Regulation and competition:
Emerging issues in an Indian perspective, Centre on
Regulation and Competition, Working Paper Series
No. 39, October 2003, www.competition-regulation.
org.uk/publications/working_papers/wp39.pdf.
17. Peter Wolcott, The Provision of Internet Services in
India, http://mosaic.unomaha.edu/India_2005.pdf.
18. The Information Technology Act, Article 67, 2000.
Under the Act, anyone who publishes “any material
which is lascivious or appeals to the prurient interest
or if its effect is such as to tend to deprave and corrupt . . .” is subject to a fine and up to five years in
prison. See http://www.sarai.net/journal/pdf/
133-135%20(bill).pdf.
19. Notification no. GSR. 181(E), dated February 27,
2003; Notification GSR 529 (E) of July, 2003.
20. Ibid.
21. Notification no. GSR. 181(E) dated February 27,
2003, cited in Parishi Sanjanwala, Internet Filtering in
India, p. 18.
22. Shivam Vij, “The discreet charms of the nanny
state,” National Highway, October 2006, at
http://www.shivamvij.com/2006/10/the-discreetcharms-of-the-nanny-state.html.
23. Priya Ganapati, Mumbai Police Gag hinduunity.org,
http://us.rediff.com/news/2004/may/26hindu.htm.
See also Parishi Sanjanwala, Internet Filtering in
India, p. 58.
24. Article 144, Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973,
http://www.delhidistrictcourts.nic.in/CrPC.htm.
25. Priya Ganapati, Mumbai Police Gag hinduunity.org,
http://us.rediff.com/news/2004/may/26hindu.htm
(accessed May 23, 2006).
26. Schedule C, Section 1.10.2, Government of India,
Ministry of Communications and Information
Technology, Department of Telecommunications
Telecom Commission, License Agreement for
Provision of Internet Service (including Internet
Telephony), http://www.dot.gov.in/ispt/isptindex.htm.
27. Schedule C, Section 1.12.9, Government of India,
Ministry of Communications and Information
Technology, Department of Telecommunications
Telecom Commission, License Agreement for
Provision of Internet Service (including Internet
Telephony), http://www.dot.gov.in/ispt/isptindex.htm.
28. The Press Trust of India, “India to amend IT Act for
greater data protection, privacy,” October 16, 2006.
29. Article 79, The Information Technology (Amendment)
Bill (2006), Bill 96 of 2006, http://www.mit.gov.in/.
30. See Ministry of Communications, Department of
Telecom, Guidelines and General Information for
Setting up of Submarine Cable Landing Stations for
International Gateways for Internet, 2000,
www.dot.gov.in/isp/landing_station.doc.
31. Article 7(1), Right to Information Act (2005), at
http://www.righttoinformation.info/index.htm.
32. Article 8, Right to Information Act (2005), at
http://www.righttoinformation.info/index.htm.
33. National Highway, “Internet censorship in India,”
http://www.shivamvij.com/2006/09/
internet-censorship-in-india-an-rti-application.html.
34. A scanned copy of the July 13, 2006, CERT-IN order
is available at http://photos1.blogger.com/
blogger/507/157/1600/Indian_censored_list.jpg.
35. http://www.business-standard.com/general/
printpage.php?autono=261383.
36. India Daily, “Orkut blocked in Pune, PIL filed against
it for running anti Shivaji community,” November 24,
in-pune-pil-filed-against-it-for-running-anti-shivajicommunity/; Press Trust of India, “Orkut forum on
Shivaji Maharaj blocked,” November 18, 2006,
http://www.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=
77287.
37. Ganesh Kanate, “Patil wants bar on Orkut,” DNA,
December 9, 2006, http://www.dnaindia.com/
report.asp?NewsID=1068353.
38. In August 2003, CERT-IN issued an order to ISPs to
block the mailing list “kynhun” on Yahoo! Groups of
the militant outfit Hynniewtrep National Liberation
Council. See http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/
lyr2003/rsep2003/22092003/r2209200314.html.
Country Summaries
291
Telecom Services Performance Indicators April-June
2006, http://www.trai.gov.in/Reports_content.
asp?id=29; http://www.indiabroadband.net/
bsnl-broadband/2676-bsnl-top-isp-india.html.
10. TRAI Annual Report 2005–2006,
http://www.trai.gov.in/traiannualreport.asp.
11. Indrajit Basu, “Security and censorship: India to clip
the wings of Internet,” January 16, 2007, Digital
Communities, http://www.govtech.net/
digitalcommunities/story.php?id=103332.
12. Article 19, The Constitution (Ninety-Third
Amendment) Act, January 20, 2006,
http://lawmin.nic.in/coi.htm.
13. Articles 13–15, Press Council Act 1978,
http://presscouncil.nic.in/act.htm.
14. Parishi Sanjanwala, Internet Filtering in India,
unpublished paper.
15. Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Policy
Guidelines for Setting up Community Radio Stations
in India, http://mib.nic.in/welcome.html; Ministry of
Information and Broadcasting, Grant of Permission
Agreement, http://mib.nic.in/fm/fmmainpg.htm. See
also Subramanian Vincent, “Community radio gets
its day,” India Together, November 18, 2006,
http://www.indiatogether.org/2006/nov/sbv-cradio.htm.
16. See Thankom G. Arun, Regulation and competition:
Emerging issues in an Indian perspective, Centre on
Regulation and Competition, Working Paper Series
No. 39, October 2003, www.competition-regulation.
org.uk/publications/working_papers/wp39.pdf.
17. Peter Wolcott, The Provision of Internet Services in
India, http://mosaic.unomaha.edu/India_2005.pdf.
18. The Information Technology Act, Article 67, 2000.
Under the Act, anyone who publishes “any material
which is lascivious or appeals to the prurient interest
or if its effect is such as to tend to deprave and corrupt . . .” is subject to a fine and up to five years in
prison. See http://www.sarai.net/journal/pdf/
133-135%20(bill).pdf.
19. Notification no. GSR. 181(E), dated February 27,
2003; Notification GSR 529 (E) of July, 2003.
20. Ibid.
21. Notification no. GSR. 181(E) dated February 27,
2003, cited in Parishi Sanjanwala, Internet Filtering in
India, p. 18.
22. Shivam Vij, “The discreet charms of the nanny
state,” National Highway, October 2006, at
http://www.shivamvij.com/2006/10/the-discreetcharms-of-the-nanny-state.html.
23. Priya Ganapati, Mumbai Police Gag hinduunity.org,
http://us.rediff.com/news/2004/may/26hindu.htm.
See also Parishi Sanjanwala, Internet Filtering in
India, p. 58.
24. Article 144, Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973,
http://www.delhidistrictcourts.nic.in/CrPC.htm.
25. Priya Ganapati, Mumbai Police Gag hinduunity.org,
http://us.rediff.com/news/2004/may/26hindu.htm
(accessed May 23, 2006).
26. Schedule C, Section 1.10.2, Government of India,
Ministry of Communications and Information
Technology, Department of Telecommunications
Telecom Commission, License Agreement for
Provision of Internet Service (including Internet
Telephony), http://www.dot.gov.in/ispt/isptindex.htm.
27. Schedule C, Section 1.12.9, Government of India,
Ministry of Communications and Information
Technology, Department of Telecommunications
Telecom Commission, License Agreement for
Provision of Internet Service (including Internet
Telephony), http://www.dot.gov.in/ispt/isptindex.htm.
28. The Press Trust of India, “India to amend IT Act for
greater data protection, privacy,” October 16, 2006.
29. Article 79, The Information Technology (Amendment)
Bill (2006), Bill 96 of 2006, http://www.mit.gov.in/.
30. See Ministry of Communications, Department of
Telecom, Guidelines and General Information for
Setting up of Submarine Cable Landing Stations for
International Gateways for Internet, 2000,
www.dot.gov.in/isp/landing_station.doc.
31. Article 7(1), Right to Information Act (2005), at
http://www.righttoinformation.info/index.htm.
32. Article 8, Right to Information Act (2005), at
http://www.righttoinformation.info/index.htm.
33. National Highway, “Internet censorship in India,”
http://www.shivamvij.com/2006/09/
internet-censorship-in-india-an-rti-application.html.
34. A scanned copy of the July 13, 2006, CERT-IN order
is available at http://photos1.blogger.com/
blogger/507/157/1600/Indian_censored_list.jpg.
35. http://www.business-standard.com/general/
printpage.php?autono=261383.
36. India Daily, “Orkut blocked in Pune, PIL filed against
it for running anti Shivaji community,” November 24,
in-pune-pil-filed-against-it-for-running-anti-shivajicommunity/; Press Trust of India, “Orkut forum on
Shivaji Maharaj blocked,” November 18, 2006,
http://www.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=
77287.
37. Ganesh Kanate, “Patil wants bar on Orkut,” DNA,
December 9, 2006, http://www.dnaindia.com/
report.asp?NewsID=1068353.
38. In August 2003, CERT-IN issued an order to ISPs to
block the mailing list “kynhun” on Yahoo! Groups of
the militant outfit Hynniewtrep National Liberation
Council. See http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/
lyr2003/rsep2003/22092003/r2209200314.html.
Country Summaries
291