22. The Initiative for an Open Arab Internet, “Egypt:
Disputes between Ministries of Telecommunications
and Culture on Internet cafes are settled; Ministry of
Telecommunications is entitled to license Internet
cafes,” http://openarab.net/en/net/net1912.shtml.
23. Human Rights Watch, “False freedom: Online censorship in the Middle East and North Africa: Egypt,”
November 2005, http://hrw.org/reports/2005/
mena1105/4.htm.
24. Negar Azimi, “Bloggers against torture,” The Nation,
February 6, 2007,
http://www.thenation.com/doc/20070219/azimi.
25. Carolynne Wheeler, “Young blogger jailed in Egypt;
Chill envelops online dissent,” Globe and Mail,
February 3, 2007, http://www.theglobeandmail.
com/servlet/story/LAC.20070302.EGYPT02/TPStory/
TPInternational/Africa/.
26. BBC News, “Egypt crackdown on homosexuals,”
March 6, 2002, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/
programmes/crossing_continents/1858469.stm;
Human Rights Watch, “False freedom: Online
censorship in the Middle East and North Africa:
Egypt,” November 2005,
http://hrw.org/reports/2005/mena1105/4.htm; and
U.S. State Department, Human Rights Country
Report: Egypt 2005,
http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61687.htm.
27. Human Rights Watch, “False freedom: Online censorship in the Middle East and North Africa: Egypt,”
November 2005, http://hrw.org/reports/2005/
mena1105/4.htm.
28. The Initiative for an Open Arab Internet, “Egypt,”
November 2005, http://www.openarab.net/en/
reports/net2006/egypt.shtml.
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Country Summaries