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20ADOPTED.pdf
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Statute of the International Court of Justice (1945). Available via https://www.icj-cij.org/en/statute
Statute of the Permanent Court of International Justice (1920). Available via https://www.refworld.
org/docid/40421d5e4.html
United Nations Convention for the Law of the Sea, 10 December 1982, entered into force
16 November 1994, 1833 UNTS 3
United Nations General Assembly Resolution A/RES/72/249 - International legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and
sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction, 24 December
2017. Available via https://undocs.org/en/a/res/72/249
United States of America Department of State (1992) Limits in the Seas No. 112, United States
Responses to Excessive Maritime Claims
Timo Koivurova Research professor and director of the Arctic Centre, University of Lapland,
Finland. His research work address the interplay between different levels of environmental law,
legal status of indigenous peoples, law of the sea in the Arctic waters, integrated policy in the EU,
the role of law in mitigating or adapting to climate change, the function and role of the Arctic
Council in view if its future challenges and the possibilities for an Arctic treaty.
Stefan Kirchner Associate Professor of Arctic Law at the Arctic Centre of the University of
Lapland in Rovaniemi, Finland. Earlier he served as a lawyer with Germany’s Federal Maritime and
Hydrographic Agency. His research interests are Arctic governance, the law of the sea and human
rights.
Pirjo Kleemola-Juntunen Senior Researcher at the Northern Institute for Environmental and
Minority Law, Arctic Centre of the University of Lapland in Rovaniemi, Finland. She has
previously worked in the State administration and as a bank lawyer. Her work focuses on
international law in particular the law of the sea and international environmental law.
80
T. Koivurova et al.
MediaCentre/HotTopics/polar/Documents/POLAR%20CODE%20TEXT%20AS%
20ADOPTED.pdf
Regional Seas Programmes. Available via https://www.unenvironment.org/explore-topics/oceansseas/what-we-do/working-regional-seas/regional-seas-programmes
Statute of the International Court of Justice (1945). Available via https://www.icj-cij.org/en/statute
Statute of the Permanent Court of International Justice (1920). Available via https://www.refworld.
org/docid/40421d5e4.html
United Nations Convention for the Law of the Sea, 10 December 1982, entered into force
16 November 1994, 1833 UNTS 3
United Nations General Assembly Resolution A/RES/72/249 - International legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and
sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction, 24 December
2017. Available via https://undocs.org/en/a/res/72/249
United States of America Department of State (1992) Limits in the Seas No. 112, United States
Responses to Excessive Maritime Claims
Timo Koivurova Research professor and director of the Arctic Centre, University of Lapland,
Finland. His research work address the interplay between different levels of environmental law,
legal status of indigenous peoples, law of the sea in the Arctic waters, integrated policy in the EU,
the role of law in mitigating or adapting to climate change, the function and role of the Arctic
Council in view if its future challenges and the possibilities for an Arctic treaty.
Stefan Kirchner Associate Professor of Arctic Law at the Arctic Centre of the University of
Lapland in Rovaniemi, Finland. Earlier he served as a lawyer with Germany’s Federal Maritime and
Hydrographic Agency. His research interests are Arctic governance, the law of the sea and human
rights.
Pirjo Kleemola-Juntunen Senior Researcher at the Northern Institute for Environmental and
Minority Law, Arctic Centre of the University of Lapland in Rovaniemi, Finland. She has
previously worked in the State administration and as a bank lawyer. Her work focuses on
international law in particular the law of the sea and international environmental law.
80
T. Koivurova et al.