vi
Preface
on equilibrium, isotherm and desorption were performed, and the findings were
presented in this chapter.
Chapter 4 was authored by E. Igberase, P. O. Osifo and T. Seodigeng, and this
chapter investigates the grafting of glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan beads with
polyaniline, a chemical which is highly enriched with amine functional group. The
modified adsorbent was used in the removal of lead and cadmium ions in batch
mode. The beads were analyzed with XRD and SEM. Batch studies were performed
in relation to the parameters of adsorption. Equilibrium data were collected from
the adsorption investigation, and the data were compared with the isotherm, thermodynamic and kinetic models. Five consecutive cycles of adsorption/desorption were
also performed, and the results of this study are illustrated in this chapter.
Chapter 5 was authored by E. Igberase and P. O. Osifo, and in this chapter, a
biopolymer chitosan membrane prepared from fishery waste through a step reversal
procedure for the removal of zinc ions from aqueous systems by adsorption was
carried out. The developed chitosan membrane was cross-linked with glutaraldehyde,
and both were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX and TGA prior to adsorption
and desorption studies.
Chapter 6 was authored by E. Igberase, I. Emeji and P. O. Osifo, and it focuses
on the use of packed bed column for the adsorption of Cu (II) ions using modified
chitosan beads, since batch procedures are often primarily limited to remedying
small quantities of contaminants. The use of packed column systems for large-scale
wastewater remediation typically allows large amounts of contaminated water to
be handled in a short period of time, and these devices can be scaled up from the
laboratory to a pilot plant project where the entire process can be easily monitored.
In this chapter, SEM and BET were employed for the characterization of the beads,
and Swan model was utilized for the simulation of the adsorption data. Five cycles
of adsorption/desorption investigation were also performed, and the results from the
study were explained.
Chapter 7 was authored by E. Igberase, P. O. Osifo and T. Seodigeng, and this
chapter introduces the use of diethylenetriamine grafted onto glyoxal cross-linked
chitosan beads for efficient batch system adsorption of adsorbates such as Cu(II),
Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) and Cr(VI). The beads were characterized by FTIR,
XRD, SEM-EDX and TGA. Chitosan beads (CS) were produced and interlinked
with glyoxal solution. The amine concentration which is the most active group in
the adsorbent was determined by titration. Equilibrium capacity of the beads was
determined using pH equilibrium model, while the kinetic data were simulated and
described using batch Swan model.
Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
Ephraim Igberase
Peter Ogbemudia Osifo
Tumisang Seodigeng
Ikenna Emeji
Preface
on equilibrium, isotherm and desorption were performed, and the findings were
presented in this chapter.
Chapter 4 was authored by E. Igberase, P. O. Osifo and T. Seodigeng, and this
chapter investigates the grafting of glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan beads with
polyaniline, a chemical which is highly enriched with amine functional group. The
modified adsorbent was used in the removal of lead and cadmium ions in batch
mode. The beads were analyzed with XRD and SEM. Batch studies were performed
in relation to the parameters of adsorption. Equilibrium data were collected from
the adsorption investigation, and the data were compared with the isotherm, thermodynamic and kinetic models. Five consecutive cycles of adsorption/desorption were
also performed, and the results of this study are illustrated in this chapter.
Chapter 5 was authored by E. Igberase and P. O. Osifo, and in this chapter, a
biopolymer chitosan membrane prepared from fishery waste through a step reversal
procedure for the removal of zinc ions from aqueous systems by adsorption was
carried out. The developed chitosan membrane was cross-linked with glutaraldehyde,
and both were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX and TGA prior to adsorption
and desorption studies.
Chapter 6 was authored by E. Igberase, I. Emeji and P. O. Osifo, and it focuses
on the use of packed bed column for the adsorption of Cu (II) ions using modified
chitosan beads, since batch procedures are often primarily limited to remedying
small quantities of contaminants. The use of packed column systems for large-scale
wastewater remediation typically allows large amounts of contaminated water to
be handled in a short period of time, and these devices can be scaled up from the
laboratory to a pilot plant project where the entire process can be easily monitored.
In this chapter, SEM and BET were employed for the characterization of the beads,
and Swan model was utilized for the simulation of the adsorption data. Five cycles
of adsorption/desorption investigation were also performed, and the results from the
study were explained.
Chapter 7 was authored by E. Igberase, P. O. Osifo and T. Seodigeng, and this
chapter introduces the use of diethylenetriamine grafted onto glyoxal cross-linked
chitosan beads for efficient batch system adsorption of adsorbates such as Cu(II),
Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) and Cr(VI). The beads were characterized by FTIR,
XRD, SEM-EDX and TGA. Chitosan beads (CS) were produced and interlinked
with glyoxal solution. The amine concentration which is the most active group in
the adsorbent was determined by titration. Equilibrium capacity of the beads was
determined using pH equilibrium model, while the kinetic data were simulated and
described using batch Swan model.
Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
Ephraim Igberase
Peter Ogbemudia Osifo
Tumisang Seodigeng
Ikenna Emeji