Preface
Wastewater containing heavy metal ions/adsorbates such as Cu(II), Pb(II), Zn(II),
Cd(II), Ni(II) and Cr(VI) from the processing industries ends up in streams of rivers
and thereby infecting our water bodies. Since humans and animals directly get water
from the rivers and dams, polluted water will damage lives. And so excessive metal
ions intake in the human body can cause health hazards. Such metal ions have at
present contaminated our water, soil and food due to unregulated disposal of industrial effluent. Eradicating metal ions from wastewater is highly necessary before it
contaminates water supplies. Several methods have been applied in the past decades
for the elimination of these metal ions of which adsorption technique has proven
to be extremely effective. However, the application of chitosan and its derivative
has been a major achievement in the past years. This book reports the use chitosan
and its derivative as an efficient adsorptive material in eliminating metal ions from
wastewater. On this note, seven chapters were introduced.
Chapter 1 was authored by E. Igberase and P. O. Osifo, and it explains the comparison of certain adsorbents that have been applied in the past for wastewater treatment;
from the investigation, it was observed that chitosan and its derivative have the greater
potential due to its high adsorption capacity for metal ion elimination.
E. Igberase, I. Emeji and P. O. Osifo authored Chap. 2. In this chapter, a functionalized chitosan derivative obtained from chemical modification of pure chitosan
was formulated for the elimination of scavenging metal ions. The enhanced material was characterized using FTIR, SEM, TGA, BET and XRD to determine the
chemical functionality of the beads. Adsorbent parameters were examined to determine their physicochemical properties for the maximum removal of metal ions using
batch applications. The data acquired from the studies were modelled using isotherm,
thermodynamic and kinetic models. The result obtained was reported in this chapter.
Chapter 3 was authored by E. Igberase and P. O. Osifo, and it reports the adsorption
of heavy metals including Pb(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Cr(VI) and Cd(II) ions using
microwave-improved grafting technique of cross-linking composite chitosan beads
which were identified to be a highly efficient and of low operational cost for chitosan
modification. FTIR, SEM, X-ray, XRD and TGA were used to obtain the chemical
properties of the beads. The influence of adsorption variables on the binding of
heavy metal ions onto the developed improved beads was examined. Studies based
v
Wastewater containing heavy metal ions/adsorbates such as Cu(II), Pb(II), Zn(II),
Cd(II), Ni(II) and Cr(VI) from the processing industries ends up in streams of rivers
and thereby infecting our water bodies. Since humans and animals directly get water
from the rivers and dams, polluted water will damage lives. And so excessive metal
ions intake in the human body can cause health hazards. Such metal ions have at
present contaminated our water, soil and food due to unregulated disposal of industrial effluent. Eradicating metal ions from wastewater is highly necessary before it
contaminates water supplies. Several methods have been applied in the past decades
for the elimination of these metal ions of which adsorption technique has proven
to be extremely effective. However, the application of chitosan and its derivative
has been a major achievement in the past years. This book reports the use chitosan
and its derivative as an efficient adsorptive material in eliminating metal ions from
wastewater. On this note, seven chapters were introduced.
Chapter 1 was authored by E. Igberase and P. O. Osifo, and it explains the comparison of certain adsorbents that have been applied in the past for wastewater treatment;
from the investigation, it was observed that chitosan and its derivative have the greater
potential due to its high adsorption capacity for metal ion elimination.
E. Igberase, I. Emeji and P. O. Osifo authored Chap. 2. In this chapter, a functionalized chitosan derivative obtained from chemical modification of pure chitosan
was formulated for the elimination of scavenging metal ions. The enhanced material was characterized using FTIR, SEM, TGA, BET and XRD to determine the
chemical functionality of the beads. Adsorbent parameters were examined to determine their physicochemical properties for the maximum removal of metal ions using
batch applications. The data acquired from the studies were modelled using isotherm,
thermodynamic and kinetic models. The result obtained was reported in this chapter.
Chapter 3 was authored by E. Igberase and P. O. Osifo, and it reports the adsorption
of heavy metals including Pb(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Cr(VI) and Cd(II) ions using
microwave-improved grafting technique of cross-linking composite chitosan beads
which were identified to be a highly efficient and of low operational cost for chitosan
modification. FTIR, SEM, X-ray, XRD and TGA were used to obtain the chemical
properties of the beads. The influence of adsorption variables on the binding of
heavy metal ions onto the developed improved beads was examined. Studies based
v