Symbols and Abbreviations
b
Heat of adsorption (L/mmol)
BET
Brunauer–Emmett–Teller
C
Effluent concentration (mg/L)
Ce
Final concentration of a solution (mmol/L)
Co
Influent concentration (mmol/L)
CS
Chitosan
CR-CS
Cross-linked chitosan
G/CR-CS Grafted cross-linked chitosan beads
D
Diameter of column (m)
DD
Degree of deacetylation
DKR
Dubinin–kaganer–Radushkevich
Æ
Adsorption energy (kJ/mol)
F
Faraday number
FGCX
4-amino benzoic acid-graft-glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan beads
FTIR
Fourier transform infrared
GCCS
Ethyl diamine tetra acetic acid-graft-glutaraldehyde cross-linked
chitosan beads
GXXB
Ethylene acrylic acid-graft-glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan beads
K
Equilibrium constant
K a
Adsorption rate constant (L/mg/min)
K ad
DKR isotherm constant
K idm
Intra-particle diffusion rate constant (mmol/gmin
1/2 )
K 1
Pseudo-first-order rate constant (min)
K 2
Pseudo-second-order rate constant (g/mg min)
K f
Adsorption capacity from Freundlich (mg/g)
K Th
Thomas rate constant
K L
Degree of binding affinity
K YN
Yoon–Nelson rate constant (min
−1 )
L
Length of packed bed (m)
MCA
Modified chitosan adsorbent
Pe
Peclet number
PEO
Polyethylene oxide
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