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adsorption onto polyurethane cross-linked pinecone biomass. J. Clean. Prod. 179, 191–209
(2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.034
2. A.H. Sulaymon, B.A. Abid, J.A. Al-Najar, Removal of lead copper chromium and cobalt ions
onto granular activated carbon in batch and fixed-bed adsorbers. Chem. Eng. J. 155, 647–653
(2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.08.021
3. E. Igberase, P. Osifo, A. Ofomaja, The adsorption of copper (II) ions by polyaniline graft
chitosan beads from aqueous solution: equilibrium, kinetic and desorption studies. J. Environ.
Chem. Eng. 2, 362–369 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2014.01.008
4. E. Igberase, P. Osifo, A. Ofomaja, Mathematical modelling of Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cr 6+
and Cd 2+ ions adsorption from a synthetic acid mine drainage onto chitosan derivative in a
packed bed column. Environ. Technol. (U.K.) 39, 3203–3220 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1080/
09593330.2017.1375027
5. J. Xu, Z. Cao, Y. Zhang et al., A review of functionalized carbon nanotubes and graphene for
heavy metal adsorption from water: preparation, application, and mechanism. Chemosphere
195, 351–364 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.061
6. D.W. O’Connell, C. Birkinshaw, T.F. O’Dwyer, Heavy metal adsorbents prepared from the
modification of cellulose: a review. Bioresour. Technol. 99, 6709–6724 (2008). https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.biortech.2008.01.036
7. M. Madhava Rao, A. Ramesh, G. Purna Chandra Rao, K. Seshaiah, Removal of copper and
cadmium from the aqueous solutions by activated carbon derived from Ceiba pentandra hulls,
J. Hazard. Mater. 129, 123–129 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.08.018
8. A. Demirbas, Heavy metal adsorption onto agro-based waste materials: a review. J. Hazard.
Mater. 157, 220–229 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.024
9. E. Igberase, A. Ofomaja, P.O. Osifo, Enhanced heavy metal ions adsorption by 4-aminobenzoic
acid grafted on chitosan/epichlorohydrin composite: kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics and
desorption studies. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 123, 664–676 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijb
iomac.2018.11.082
10. F. Bouhamed, Z. Elouear, J. Bouzid, Adsorptive removal of copper (II) from aqueous solutions
on activated carbon prepared from Tunisian date stones: equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics. J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng. 43, 741–749 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2012.
02.011
11. L. Nouri, I. Ghodbane, O. Hamdaoui, M. Chiha, Batch sorption dynamics and equilibrium for
the removal of cadmium ions from aqueous phase using wheat bran. J. Hazard. Mater. 149,
115–125 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.03.055
12. K.S. Hui, C.Y.H. Chao, S.C. Kot, Removal of mixed heavy metal ions in wastewater by zeolite
4A and residual products from recycled coal fly ash. J. Hazard. Mater. 127, 89–101 (2005).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.06.027
13. X.J. Hu, Y.G. Liu, H. Wang, et al., Adsorption of copper by magnetic grapheme oxide-supported
β-cyclodextrin: effects of pH, ionic strength, background electrolytes, and citric acid. Chem.
Eng. Res. Des. 93 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2014.06.002
14. U. Farooq, J.A. Kozinski, M.A. Khan, M. Athar, Biosorption of heavy metal ions using wheat
based biosorbents—a review of the recent literature. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 5043–5053
(2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.030
15. G. Li, B. Shen, Y. Wang et al., Comparative study of element mercury removal by three bio-char
from various solid wastes. Fuel 145, 189–195 (2015)
16. S. Hao, A. Verlotta, P. Aprea et al., Optimal synthesis of amino-functionalized mesoporous
silicas for the adsorption of heavy metal ions. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 236, 250–259
(2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2016.09.008
133
References
1. A.J.K. Kupeta, E.B. Naidoo, A.E. Ofomaja, Kinetics and equilibrium study of 2-nitrophenol
adsorption onto polyurethane cross-linked pinecone biomass. J. Clean. Prod. 179, 191–209
(2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.034
2. A.H. Sulaymon, B.A. Abid, J.A. Al-Najar, Removal of lead copper chromium and cobalt ions
onto granular activated carbon in batch and fixed-bed adsorbers. Chem. Eng. J. 155, 647–653
(2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.08.021
3. E. Igberase, P. Osifo, A. Ofomaja, The adsorption of copper (II) ions by polyaniline graft
chitosan beads from aqueous solution: equilibrium, kinetic and desorption studies. J. Environ.
Chem. Eng. 2, 362–369 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2014.01.008
4. E. Igberase, P. Osifo, A. Ofomaja, Mathematical modelling of Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ , Cr 6+
and Cd 2+ ions adsorption from a synthetic acid mine drainage onto chitosan derivative in a
packed bed column. Environ. Technol. (U.K.) 39, 3203–3220 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1080/
09593330.2017.1375027
5. J. Xu, Z. Cao, Y. Zhang et al., A review of functionalized carbon nanotubes and graphene for
heavy metal adsorption from water: preparation, application, and mechanism. Chemosphere
195, 351–364 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.061
6. D.W. O’Connell, C. Birkinshaw, T.F. O’Dwyer, Heavy metal adsorbents prepared from the
modification of cellulose: a review. Bioresour. Technol. 99, 6709–6724 (2008). https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.biortech.2008.01.036
7. M. Madhava Rao, A. Ramesh, G. Purna Chandra Rao, K. Seshaiah, Removal of copper and
cadmium from the aqueous solutions by activated carbon derived from Ceiba pentandra hulls,
J. Hazard. Mater. 129, 123–129 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.08.018
8. A. Demirbas, Heavy metal adsorption onto agro-based waste materials: a review. J. Hazard.
Mater. 157, 220–229 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.024
9. E. Igberase, A. Ofomaja, P.O. Osifo, Enhanced heavy metal ions adsorption by 4-aminobenzoic
acid grafted on chitosan/epichlorohydrin composite: kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics and
desorption studies. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 123, 664–676 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijb
iomac.2018.11.082
10. F. Bouhamed, Z. Elouear, J. Bouzid, Adsorptive removal of copper (II) from aqueous solutions
on activated carbon prepared from Tunisian date stones: equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics. J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng. 43, 741–749 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2012.
02.011
11. L. Nouri, I. Ghodbane, O. Hamdaoui, M. Chiha, Batch sorption dynamics and equilibrium for
the removal of cadmium ions from aqueous phase using wheat bran. J. Hazard. Mater. 149,
115–125 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.03.055
12. K.S. Hui, C.Y.H. Chao, S.C. Kot, Removal of mixed heavy metal ions in wastewater by zeolite
4A and residual products from recycled coal fly ash. J. Hazard. Mater. 127, 89–101 (2005).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.06.027
13. X.J. Hu, Y.G. Liu, H. Wang, et al., Adsorption of copper by magnetic grapheme oxide-supported
β-cyclodextrin: effects of pH, ionic strength, background electrolytes, and citric acid. Chem.
Eng. Res. Des. 93 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2014.06.002
14. U. Farooq, J.A. Kozinski, M.A. Khan, M. Athar, Biosorption of heavy metal ions using wheat
based biosorbents—a review of the recent literature. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 5043–5053
(2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.030
15. G. Li, B. Shen, Y. Wang et al., Comparative study of element mercury removal by three bio-char
from various solid wastes. Fuel 145, 189–195 (2015)
16. S. Hao, A. Verlotta, P. Aprea et al., Optimal synthesis of amino-functionalized mesoporous
silicas for the adsorption of heavy metal ions. Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 236, 250–259
(2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2016.09.008