159. China Digital Times, ‘‘Beijing Mobile’s Plan for Real Name Registration of Easyown Cell
Phone Numbers,’’ January 24, 2008, http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2008/01/beijing-mobiles-plan
-for-real-name-registration-for-easyown-cell-phone-numbers/.
160. State Council, Article 14, Hulianwang xinxi fuwu guanli banfa [Measures for managing Internet information services], September 25, 2000.
161. China Internet Network Information Center, ‘‘Statistical Survey Report on the Internet Development in China,’’ March 23, 2009, http://www.cnnic.net.cn/uploadfiles/pdf/2009/3/23/
131303.pdf.
162. State Council, Articles 19, 21, 23, Hulianwang shangwang fuwu guanye changsuo guanli tiaolie
[Regulations on the administration of business sites providing Internet services], September 29,
2002.
163. Ministry of Information Industry, Article 14, Hulianwang dianzi gonggao fuwu guanli guiding
[Rules on the management of Internet electronic bulletin services], October 7, 2000.
164. Chinese Human Rights Defenders, ‘‘zhengfu ruhe jiankong women de dianzi wangluo tongxu’’
[How does government monitor our online communication?], http://crd-net.org/Article/Class1/
200803/20080324093843_8168.html.
165. Ibid.
166. Nart Villeneuve, ‘‘Breaching Trust: An Analysis of Surveillance and Security Practices on
China’s TOM-Skype Platform,’’ Information Warfare Monitor/ONI Asia, October 1, 2008, http://
www.nartv.org/mirror/breachingtrust.pdf.
167. John Markoff, ‘‘Surveillance of Skype Messages Found in China,’’ New York Times, October 1,
2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/02/technology/internet/02skype.html?pagewanted=all.
168. Sky Canaves, ‘‘Skype Responds to China Surveillance Report,’’ Wall Street Journal Blogs:
China Journal, October 2, 2008, http://blogs.wsj.com/chinajournal/2008/10/02/skype-response
-on-china-surveillance-report/?mod=googlenews_wsj.
169. Sumner Lemon, ‘‘China Tightens Surveillance of Internet Forums,’’ The Standard, March,
2005, http://archive.thestandard.com/internetnews/002807.php.
170. Reporters Without Borders, ‘‘ ‘Living Dangerously on the Net,’ ’’ May 12, 2003, http://www
.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=6793.
171. Phillip Pan, ‘‘Chinese Crack Down on Student Web Sites,’’ Washington Post, March 24, 2005,
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A61334-2005Mar23.html.
172. Australia Broadcasting Corporation, ‘‘China’s Mobile Network: A Big Brother Surveillance
Tool?’’ January 28, 2008, http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/01/28/2147712.htm.
173. China Business Daily,‘ ‘ tongxin duanxiaoxi fuwu guanli guiding jijiang chutai’’ [Regulation on
the management of short message service will soon come into being], March 27, 2008, http://
www.txxxb.com/news/article.php?id=7544; Australia Broadcasting Corporation, ‘‘China’s Mobile
China
485
Phone Numbers,’’ January 24, 2008, http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2008/01/beijing-mobiles-plan
-for-real-name-registration-for-easyown-cell-phone-numbers/.
160. State Council, Article 14, Hulianwang xinxi fuwu guanli banfa [Measures for managing Internet information services], September 25, 2000.
161. China Internet Network Information Center, ‘‘Statistical Survey Report on the Internet Development in China,’’ March 23, 2009, http://www.cnnic.net.cn/uploadfiles/pdf/2009/3/23/
131303.pdf.
162. State Council, Articles 19, 21, 23, Hulianwang shangwang fuwu guanye changsuo guanli tiaolie
[Regulations on the administration of business sites providing Internet services], September 29,
2002.
163. Ministry of Information Industry, Article 14, Hulianwang dianzi gonggao fuwu guanli guiding
[Rules on the management of Internet electronic bulletin services], October 7, 2000.
164. Chinese Human Rights Defenders, ‘‘zhengfu ruhe jiankong women de dianzi wangluo tongxu’’
[How does government monitor our online communication?], http://crd-net.org/Article/Class1/
200803/20080324093843_8168.html.
165. Ibid.
166. Nart Villeneuve, ‘‘Breaching Trust: An Analysis of Surveillance and Security Practices on
China’s TOM-Skype Platform,’’ Information Warfare Monitor/ONI Asia, October 1, 2008, http://
www.nartv.org/mirror/breachingtrust.pdf.
167. John Markoff, ‘‘Surveillance of Skype Messages Found in China,’’ New York Times, October 1,
2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/02/technology/internet/02skype.html?pagewanted=all.
168. Sky Canaves, ‘‘Skype Responds to China Surveillance Report,’’ Wall Street Journal Blogs:
China Journal, October 2, 2008, http://blogs.wsj.com/chinajournal/2008/10/02/skype-response
-on-china-surveillance-report/?mod=googlenews_wsj.
169. Sumner Lemon, ‘‘China Tightens Surveillance of Internet Forums,’’ The Standard, March,
2005, http://archive.thestandard.com/internetnews/002807.php.
170. Reporters Without Borders, ‘‘ ‘Living Dangerously on the Net,’ ’’ May 12, 2003, http://www
.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=6793.
171. Phillip Pan, ‘‘Chinese Crack Down on Student Web Sites,’’ Washington Post, March 24, 2005,
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A61334-2005Mar23.html.
172. Australia Broadcasting Corporation, ‘‘China’s Mobile Network: A Big Brother Surveillance
Tool?’’ January 28, 2008, http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/01/28/2147712.htm.
173. China Business Daily,‘ ‘ tongxin duanxiaoxi fuwu guanli guiding jijiang chutai’’ [Regulation on
the management of short message service will soon come into being], March 27, 2008, http://
www.txxxb.com/news/article.php?id=7544; Australia Broadcasting Corporation, ‘‘China’s Mobile
China
485