78
Heike Jensen, Jac sm Kee, Gayathry Venkiteswaran, and Sonia Randhawa
Federal Constitution (as of June 1, 2007) (Petaling Jaya, SDE: International Law Book Series,
2007), 198.
17. Article 153(1), Federal Constitution (as of June 1, 2007) (Petaling Jaya, SDE: International
Law Book Series, 2007), 188.
18. Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Refl ections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism
(New York: Verso, 1983).
19. Inderpal Grewal and Caren Kaplan, “ Postcolonial Studies and Transnational Feminist Practices, ” Jouvert: A Journal of Postcolonial Studies 5, no. 1 (2000), available at http://english.chass
.ncsu.edu/jouvert/v5i1/grewal.htm (accessed October 4, 2009), paragraph 6.
20. “ Human Development Report 2009 — Country Fact Sheets — Malaysia, ” n.d., last accessed
October 20, 2010, available at http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/country_fact_sheets/cty_fs
_MYS.html .
21. Zulkifl i Abd Rahman, “ 30% Quota for Women in Decision-Making Posts, ” The Star , July 4,
2009, last accessed 20 October 2010, available at http://www.anugerahcsrmalaysia.org/2009/
07/04/30-quota-for-women-in-decision-making-posts .
22. Sam Haggag, “ Women at Work, ” Malaysian Business , April 1, 2010, last accessed October 20,
2010, at http://fi ndarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn6207/is_20100401/ai_n53096425 .
23. For one of the most comprehensive surveys conducted to date, see Article 19 and SUARAM,
Freedom of Expression and the Media in Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur: Article19 and SUARAM, 2005).
24. Print media are tightly controlled through the Printing Presses and Publications Act, and the
majority of newspapers are owned directly or indirectly by political parties.
25. Laws that have an impact on freedom of expression include the Sedition Act, the Offi cial
Secrets Act (OSA), the Internal Security Act (ISA), the Defamation Act, and the Penal Code (Article
19 and SUARAM, Freedom of Expression, and the Media in Malaysia ).
26. Vengadesan, “ May 13, 1969: Truth and reconciliation ” ; Huat, “ Watershed elections of 1969. ”
27. See note 24.
28. Roger W. Harris, “ Malaysia ’ s Multimedia Super Corridor — An IFIP WG 9.4 Position Paper, ”
1998, last accessed January 20, 2010, available at http://is2.lse.ac.uk/ifi pwg94/pdfs/malaymsc
.pdf.
29. Point 7 of the Bill of Guarantees states simply, “ ensure no internet censorship, ” last accessed
January 20, 2010, available at http://www.mscmalaysia.my/topic/MSC+Malaysia+Bill+of
+Guarantees.
30. Laws of Malaysia, Act 588 — Malaysia Communications and Multimedia Act, 1998 (incorporating all amendments up to January 2006).
31. Available at http://www.malaysiakini.com .
32. Available at http://www.malaysia-today.net .
Heike Jensen, Jac sm Kee, Gayathry Venkiteswaran, and Sonia Randhawa
Federal Constitution (as of June 1, 2007) (Petaling Jaya, SDE: International Law Book Series,
2007), 198.
17. Article 153(1), Federal Constitution (as of June 1, 2007) (Petaling Jaya, SDE: International
Law Book Series, 2007), 188.
18. Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Refl ections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism
(New York: Verso, 1983).
19. Inderpal Grewal and Caren Kaplan, “ Postcolonial Studies and Transnational Feminist Practices, ” Jouvert: A Journal of Postcolonial Studies 5, no. 1 (2000), available at http://english.chass
.ncsu.edu/jouvert/v5i1/grewal.htm (accessed October 4, 2009), paragraph 6.
20. “ Human Development Report 2009 — Country Fact Sheets — Malaysia, ” n.d., last accessed
October 20, 2010, available at http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/countries/country_fact_sheets/cty_fs
_MYS.html .
21. Zulkifl i Abd Rahman, “ 30% Quota for Women in Decision-Making Posts, ” The Star , July 4,
2009, last accessed 20 October 2010, available at http://www.anugerahcsrmalaysia.org/2009/
07/04/30-quota-for-women-in-decision-making-posts .
22. Sam Haggag, “ Women at Work, ” Malaysian Business , April 1, 2010, last accessed October 20,
2010, at http://fi ndarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn6207/is_20100401/ai_n53096425 .
23. For one of the most comprehensive surveys conducted to date, see Article 19 and SUARAM,
Freedom of Expression and the Media in Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur: Article19 and SUARAM, 2005).
24. Print media are tightly controlled through the Printing Presses and Publications Act, and the
majority of newspapers are owned directly or indirectly by political parties.
25. Laws that have an impact on freedom of expression include the Sedition Act, the Offi cial
Secrets Act (OSA), the Internal Security Act (ISA), the Defamation Act, and the Penal Code (Article
19 and SUARAM, Freedom of Expression, and the Media in Malaysia ).
26. Vengadesan, “ May 13, 1969: Truth and reconciliation ” ; Huat, “ Watershed elections of 1969. ”
27. See note 24.
28. Roger W. Harris, “ Malaysia ’ s Multimedia Super Corridor — An IFIP WG 9.4 Position Paper, ”
1998, last accessed January 20, 2010, available at http://is2.lse.ac.uk/ifi pwg94/pdfs/malaymsc
.pdf.
29. Point 7 of the Bill of Guarantees states simply, “ ensure no internet censorship, ” last accessed
January 20, 2010, available at http://www.mscmalaysia.my/topic/MSC+Malaysia+Bill+of
+Guarantees.
30. Laws of Malaysia, Act 588 — Malaysia Communications and Multimedia Act, 1998 (incorporating all amendments up to January 2006).
31. Available at http://www.malaysiakini.com .
32. Available at http://www.malaysia-today.net .