334
Malaysia
37. Aidila Razak, “ No Change to Publishing Law in March: Liew, ” Malaysiakini, January 27, 2011,
http://malaysiakini.com/news/154621 .
38. “ OSA Probe: Police Detains PKR Webmaster, ” Malaysiakini, July 13, 2007, http://www
.malaysiakini.com/news/69917 .
39. Andrew Ong, “ Raja Petra Arrested under ISA, ” Malaysiakini, September 12, 2008, http://
malaysiakini.com/news/89544 .
40. See Malaysian Sedition Act, 1948.
41. Hazlan Zakaria, “ Sedition Guidelines Will Now Apply to Online Media, ” Malaysiakini,
January 24, 2011, http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/154301 .
42. Chuah Siew Eng, “ Proposed Cyber Sedition Law Is Undemocratic, ” Malaysiakini, December
3, 2010, http://www.malaysiakini.com/letters/149879 .
43. Soon Li Tsin, “ Bloggers Sued for Defamation, ” Malaysiakini, January 18, 2007, http://www
.malaysiakini.com/news/62257 .
44. Ming Kuok Lim, “ Blogging and Democracy: Blogs in Malaysian Political Discourse ” (PhD
dissertation, Pennsylvania State University, 2009), 110 – 116, http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/
approved/WorldWideFiles/ETD-3818/LIM,_Doctoral_Dissertation_2009.pdf .
45. “ PKR Activist Agrees Not to Blog Against Rais, ” Malaysiakini, March 21, 2011, http://www
.malaysiakini.com/news/159200.
46. See Section 16, Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission Act, 1998.
47. Section 211(1), Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Act, 1998.
48. Ibid., Section 233.
49. Ibid., Sections 211(2) and 233(3).
50. Ibid., Sections 68, 69, and 70.
51. See MCMC List of Cases Investigated in 2005, 2010, http://www.skmm.gov.my/index
.php?c=public & v=art_view & art_id=92 .
52. Andrew Ong, “ Temple Demo: Residents March with Cow ’ s Head, ” Malaysiakini, August 28,
2009, http://malaysiakini.com/news/111628 .
53. “ PM Furious, Tells IGP to Act, ” Malaysiakini, August 28, 2009, http://malaysiakini.com/
news/111669 .
54. The Malaysian federal constitution itself identifi es race with religion. See Article 160(1):
“ Malay ” means a person who professes the religion of Islam. Additionally, many Hindus are
Indians. See Saw Swee-Hock, The Population of Malaysia ( Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian
Studies, 2007), 78 – 83. In Malaysia, 84.1 percent of Indians are Hindus, 100 percent of Malays
are Muslims, and 76 percent of Chinese are Buddhists.
Malaysia
37. Aidila Razak, “ No Change to Publishing Law in March: Liew, ” Malaysiakini, January 27, 2011,
http://malaysiakini.com/news/154621 .
38. “ OSA Probe: Police Detains PKR Webmaster, ” Malaysiakini, July 13, 2007, http://www
.malaysiakini.com/news/69917 .
39. Andrew Ong, “ Raja Petra Arrested under ISA, ” Malaysiakini, September 12, 2008, http://
malaysiakini.com/news/89544 .
40. See Malaysian Sedition Act, 1948.
41. Hazlan Zakaria, “ Sedition Guidelines Will Now Apply to Online Media, ” Malaysiakini,
January 24, 2011, http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/154301 .
42. Chuah Siew Eng, “ Proposed Cyber Sedition Law Is Undemocratic, ” Malaysiakini, December
3, 2010, http://www.malaysiakini.com/letters/149879 .
43. Soon Li Tsin, “ Bloggers Sued for Defamation, ” Malaysiakini, January 18, 2007, http://www
.malaysiakini.com/news/62257 .
44. Ming Kuok Lim, “ Blogging and Democracy: Blogs in Malaysian Political Discourse ” (PhD
dissertation, Pennsylvania State University, 2009), 110 – 116, http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/
approved/WorldWideFiles/ETD-3818/LIM,_Doctoral_Dissertation_2009.pdf .
45. “ PKR Activist Agrees Not to Blog Against Rais, ” Malaysiakini, March 21, 2011, http://www
.malaysiakini.com/news/159200.
46. See Section 16, Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission Act, 1998.
47. Section 211(1), Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Act, 1998.
48. Ibid., Section 233.
49. Ibid., Sections 211(2) and 233(3).
50. Ibid., Sections 68, 69, and 70.
51. See MCMC List of Cases Investigated in 2005, 2010, http://www.skmm.gov.my/index
.php?c=public & v=art_view & art_id=92 .
52. Andrew Ong, “ Temple Demo: Residents March with Cow ’ s Head, ” Malaysiakini, August 28,
2009, http://malaysiakini.com/news/111628 .
53. “ PM Furious, Tells IGP to Act, ” Malaysiakini, August 28, 2009, http://malaysiakini.com/
news/111669 .
54. The Malaysian federal constitution itself identifi es race with religion. See Article 160(1):
“ Malay ” means a person who professes the religion of Islam. Additionally, many Hindus are
Indians. See Saw Swee-Hock, The Population of Malaysia ( Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian
Studies, 2007), 78 – 83. In Malaysia, 84.1 percent of Indians are Hindus, 100 percent of Malays
are Muslims, and 76 percent of Chinese are Buddhists.