312
Indonesia
extending ICT benefi ts throughout Indonesia such as extending transparency and
equal access to information, and facilitating Internet access to public services.
22 While
the government supports the development of an Indonesian information society and
greater Internet use for average citizens throughout the country,
23 it is very sensitive
about pornographic and anti-Islamic content online and has censored such content
on a number of occasions.
In April 2008, the Indonesian government ordered all ISPs to place a temporary
ban on fi le-sharing video Web sites in order to prevent the dissemination of Fitna , an
anti-Islamic fi lm. The ban occurred amid the breakout of small-scale protests in Indonesia, including one outside of the Dutch embassy in Jakarta. The government cited
fear of unrest within the nation as the reason for the ban.
24 This incident was the fi rst
time the country ’ s ISPs had blocked access to a Web site, and many criticized the
blocking technique that was deployed — ISPs blocked entire Web sites instead of the
specifi c pages that contained the video.
25 This technique was utilized again in November 2009 when the government ordered ISPs to block a blog that contained an offensive cartoon of the Prophet Mohammed. One blogger complained that some ISPs
simply blocked the entire Blogspot domain.
26
The release of two homemade sex videos of three Indonesian celebrities in the
summer of 2010 triggered a crackdown on pornographic Web content (the scandal
was popularly known as “ Peterporn ” because singer Nazril Irham of the band Peter
Pan was involved along with his high-profi le girlfriends). As a part of this effort, the
Ministry of Communications and Information Technology announced that Trust
Positive — a government keyword fi ltering system that is already in place in many of
the government ’ s computer networks — would be adopted by ISPs.
27 Trust Positive, as
well as a database of blacklisted and approved “ whitelisted ” Web sites, is available for
download on the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology ’ s Trust
Positive Web site ( http://trustpositif.depkominfo.go.id ). According to the ministry,
Trust Positive is not a gateway or a traffi c relay for Indonesia Internet connection, and
the ministry was not responsible for ISPs that use Trust Positive.
28 Trust Positive is
made up of a database of top-level domains, URLs, and keywords that are placed in
either a blacklist (negative and fi ltered content) or a white list (positive and trusted
content).
29 The ministry encourages citizens to participate in developing the database
by submitting URLs through e-mail or a complaint form.
30 The database can be found
among three downloadable folders named “ aplikasi ” (application), “ konfi gurasi ” (confi guration), and “ database. ” Within the “ database ” category there are three subfolders:
“ kaijian ” (muslim/prayer), “ pengaduan ” (complaints), and “ informasi ” (information).
31 “ Informasi ” listed and contained information on approximately 43,000 blacklisted Web sites as of November 2010.
Internet fi ltering takes place through partnerships with the APJII and the Association of Indonesia ’ s Internet Caf é s (AWARI), to whom the Ministry of Communications
Indonesia
extending ICT benefi ts throughout Indonesia such as extending transparency and
equal access to information, and facilitating Internet access to public services.
22 While
the government supports the development of an Indonesian information society and
greater Internet use for average citizens throughout the country,
23 it is very sensitive
about pornographic and anti-Islamic content online and has censored such content
on a number of occasions.
In April 2008, the Indonesian government ordered all ISPs to place a temporary
ban on fi le-sharing video Web sites in order to prevent the dissemination of Fitna , an
anti-Islamic fi lm. The ban occurred amid the breakout of small-scale protests in Indonesia, including one outside of the Dutch embassy in Jakarta. The government cited
fear of unrest within the nation as the reason for the ban.
24 This incident was the fi rst
time the country ’ s ISPs had blocked access to a Web site, and many criticized the
blocking technique that was deployed — ISPs blocked entire Web sites instead of the
specifi c pages that contained the video.
25 This technique was utilized again in November 2009 when the government ordered ISPs to block a blog that contained an offensive cartoon of the Prophet Mohammed. One blogger complained that some ISPs
simply blocked the entire Blogspot domain.
26
The release of two homemade sex videos of three Indonesian celebrities in the
summer of 2010 triggered a crackdown on pornographic Web content (the scandal
was popularly known as “ Peterporn ” because singer Nazril Irham of the band Peter
Pan was involved along with his high-profi le girlfriends). As a part of this effort, the
Ministry of Communications and Information Technology announced that Trust
Positive — a government keyword fi ltering system that is already in place in many of
the government ’ s computer networks — would be adopted by ISPs.
27 Trust Positive, as
well as a database of blacklisted and approved “ whitelisted ” Web sites, is available for
download on the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology ’ s Trust
Positive Web site ( http://trustpositif.depkominfo.go.id ). According to the ministry,
Trust Positive is not a gateway or a traffi c relay for Indonesia Internet connection, and
the ministry was not responsible for ISPs that use Trust Positive.
28 Trust Positive is
made up of a database of top-level domains, URLs, and keywords that are placed in
either a blacklist (negative and fi ltered content) or a white list (positive and trusted
content).
29 The ministry encourages citizens to participate in developing the database
by submitting URLs through e-mail or a complaint form.
30 The database can be found
among three downloadable folders named “ aplikasi ” (application), “ konfi gurasi ” (confi guration), and “ database. ” Within the “ database ” category there are three subfolders:
“ kaijian ” (muslim/prayer), “ pengaduan ” (complaints), and “ informasi ” (information).
31 “ Informasi ” listed and contained information on approximately 43,000 blacklisted Web sites as of November 2010.
Internet fi ltering takes place through partnerships with the APJII and the Association of Indonesia ’ s Internet Caf é s (AWARI), to whom the Ministry of Communications