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New York: CRC Press; 1998.
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of reported alcohol ingestion to plasma levels of estrogens and androgens in premenopausal
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31. Bin-Abbas B, Conte FA, Grumbach MM, Kaplan SL. Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and micropenis: effect of testosterone treatment on adult penile size—why sex reversal
is not indicated. J Pediatr. 1999;134(5):579–83.
32. Rosenow EC, Hurley BT. Disorders of the thymus: a review. Arch Intern Med.
1984;144(4):763–70.
33. Maurizi C. Disorder of the pineal gland associated with depression, peptic ulcers, and sexual
dysfunction. South Med J. 1984;77(12):1516–8.
34. Sargis RM. An overview of the ovaries; estrogen, progesterone, and reproduction.
Endocrineweb; 2015. Available from https://www.endocrineweb.com/endocrinology/
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36. Weetman AP. Graves’ disease. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(17):1236–48.
37. Brent GA. Graves’ disease. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(24):2594–605.
38. Goodman Catherine C, Snyder TE. Differential diagnosis for physical therapists: screening for
referral. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier; 2007.
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Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2014.
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patient-thyroid-information/.
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42. Nagayama Y. Radiation-related thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction. J Radiat Res.
2017;59(Suppl_2):ii98–ii107.
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Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2013.
44. Werbel SS, Ober KP. Acute adrenal insufficiency. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am.
1993;22(2):303–28.
45. Bouillon R. Acute adrenal insufficiency. Endocrinol Metab Clin. 2006;35(4):767–75.
46. Arlt W, Allolio B. Adrenal insufficiency. Lancet. 2003;361(9372):1881–93.
47. Hahner S, Loeffler M, Bleicken B, Drechsler C, Milovanovic D, Fassnacht M, et al.
Epidemiology of adrenal crisis in chronic adrenal insufficiency: the need for new prevention
strategies. Eur J Endocrinol. 2010;162(3):597–602.
48. Zaloga GP, Marik P. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal insufficiency. Crit Care Clin.
2001;17(1):25–41.
49. Beers MH, Porter RS, Jones TV, Kaplan JL, Berkwits M. The Merck manual of diagnosis and
therapy. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Research Laboratories; 2006.
50. Vance ML. Acromegaly: a fascinating pituitary disorder. Neurosurg Focus. 2010;29(4):1.
51. Cordero RA, Barkan AL. Current diagnosis of acromegaly. Rev Endocr Metab Disord.
2008;9(1):13–9.
52. Chapman IM. Gigantism and acromegaly. 2019. Available from https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/pituitary-gland-disorders/
gigantism-and-acromegaly.
53. Fleseriu M, Delashaw JB, Cook DM. Acromegaly: a review of current medical therapy and
new drugs on the horizon. Neurosurg Focus. 2010;29(4):E15.
54. Colao A, Ferone D, Marzullo P, Lombardi G. Systemic complications of acromegaly: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management. Endocr Rev. 2004;25(1):102–52.
A. Ahsan et al.
29. Constanti A. Basic endocrinology for students of pharmacy and allied health sciences.
New York: CRC Press; 1998.
30. Dorgan JF, Reichman ME, Judd JT, Brown C, Longcope C, Schatzkin A, et al. The relation
of reported alcohol ingestion to plasma levels of estrogens and androgens in premenopausal
women (Maryland, United States). Cancer Caus Contr. 1994;5(1):53–60.
31. Bin-Abbas B, Conte FA, Grumbach MM, Kaplan SL. Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and micropenis: effect of testosterone treatment on adult penile size—why sex reversal
is not indicated. J Pediatr. 1999;134(5):579–83.
32. Rosenow EC, Hurley BT. Disorders of the thymus: a review. Arch Intern Med.
1984;144(4):763–70.
33. Maurizi C. Disorder of the pineal gland associated with depression, peptic ulcers, and sexual
dysfunction. South Med J. 1984;77(12):1516–8.
34. Sargis RM. An overview of the ovaries; estrogen, progesterone, and reproduction.
Endocrineweb; 2015. Available from https://www.endocrineweb.com/endocrinology/
overview-ovaries.
35. Primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn’s syndrome), Columbia University Irving Medical
Center.
Available
from
https://columbiasurgery.org/conditions-and-treatments/
primary-hyperaldosteronism-conns-syndrome.
36. Weetman AP. Graves’ disease. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(17):1236–48.
37. Brent GA. Graves’ disease. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(24):2594–605.
38. Goodman Catherine C, Snyder TE. Differential diagnosis for physical therapists: screening for
referral. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier; 2007.
39. Goodman CC, Fuller KS. Pathology-E-book: implications for the physical therapist.
Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2014.
40. American Thyroid Association. 2009. Available from: https://www.thyroid.org/
patient-thyroid-information/.
41. Durante C, Grani G, Lamartina L, Filetti S, Mandel SJ, Cooper DS. The diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules: a review. JAMA. 2018;319(9):914–24.
42. Nagayama Y. Radiation-related thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction. J Radiat Res.
2017;59(Suppl_2):ii98–ii107.
43. Goodman CC, Fuller KS. Pathology-E-book: implications for the physical therapist.
Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2013.
44. Werbel SS, Ober KP. Acute adrenal insufficiency. Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am.
1993;22(2):303–28.
45. Bouillon R. Acute adrenal insufficiency. Endocrinol Metab Clin. 2006;35(4):767–75.
46. Arlt W, Allolio B. Adrenal insufficiency. Lancet. 2003;361(9372):1881–93.
47. Hahner S, Loeffler M, Bleicken B, Drechsler C, Milovanovic D, Fassnacht M, et al.
Epidemiology of adrenal crisis in chronic adrenal insufficiency: the need for new prevention
strategies. Eur J Endocrinol. 2010;162(3):597–602.
48. Zaloga GP, Marik P. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal insufficiency. Crit Care Clin.
2001;17(1):25–41.
49. Beers MH, Porter RS, Jones TV, Kaplan JL, Berkwits M. The Merck manual of diagnosis and
therapy. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Research Laboratories; 2006.
50. Vance ML. Acromegaly: a fascinating pituitary disorder. Neurosurg Focus. 2010;29(4):1.
51. Cordero RA, Barkan AL. Current diagnosis of acromegaly. Rev Endocr Metab Disord.
2008;9(1):13–9.
52. Chapman IM. Gigantism and acromegaly. 2019. Available from https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/pituitary-gland-disorders/
gigantism-and-acromegaly.
53. Fleseriu M, Delashaw JB, Cook DM. Acromegaly: a review of current medical therapy and
new drugs on the horizon. Neurosurg Focus. 2010;29(4):E15.
54. Colao A, Ferone D, Marzullo P, Lombardi G. Systemic complications of acromegaly: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management. Endocr Rev. 2004;25(1):102–52.
A. Ahsan et al.