376
Conflict of Interest Nothing to declare.
References
1. Fransway AF, Fransway PJ, Belsito DV, Warshaw EM, Sasseville D, Fowler JF Jr, et al.
Parabens. Dermatitis. 2019;30(1):3–31.
2. Tade R, More MP, Chatap V, Deshmukh P, Patil P. Safety and toxicity assessment of parabens
in pharmaceutical and food products. Invent Rapid: Pharm Pract. 2018;3:1–9.
3. Seetaramaiah K, Smith AA, Murali R, Manavalan R. Preservatives in food products-review. Int
J Pharm Biol Arch. 2011;2(2):583–99.
4. Maher HM, Alzoman NZ, Almeshal MA, Alotaibi HA, Alotaibi NN, Al-Showiman
H. Quantitative screening of parabens in Ready-to-eat foodstuffs available in the Saudi market
using high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection. Arab J Chem.
2018;13(1):2897–911.
5. Ana F, Paula FA. Parabens paradoxes in cosmetic formulations: a review. Int J Med Res Pharm
Sci. 2016;8:3.
6. Darbre PD, Harvey PW. Paraben esters: review of recent studies of endocrine toxicity, absorption, esterase and human exposure, and discussion of potential human health risks. J Appl
Toxicol. 2008;28(5):561–78.
7. Janjua NR, Mortensen GK, Andersson A-M, Kongshoj B, Skakkebaek NE, Wulf HC. Systemic
uptake of diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and butyl paraben following whole-body topical application and reproductive and thyroid hormone levels in humans. Environ Sci Technol.
2007;41(15):5564–70.
8. Ye X, Kuklenyik Z, Bishop AM, Needham LL, Calafat AM. Quantification of the urinary
concentrations of parabens in humans by on-line solid phase extraction-high performance
liquid chromatography–isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B.
2006;844(1):53–9.
9. Boberg J, Taxvig C, Christiansen S, Hass U. Possible endocrine disrupting effects of parabens
and their metabolites. Reprod Toxicol. 2010;30(2):301–12.
10. Lakeram M, Lockley DJ, Sanders DJ, Pendlington R, Forbes B. Paraben transport and metabolism in the biomimetic artificial membrane permeability assay (BAMPA) and 3-day and
21-day Caco-2 cell systems. J Biomol Screen. 2007;12(1):84–91.
11. Błędzka D, Gromadzińska J, Wąsowicz W. Parabens. From environmental studies to human
health. Environ Int. 2014;67:27–42.
12. Sasseville D, Alfalah M, Lacroix J-P. “Parabenoia” debunked, or “who’s afraid of parabens?”.
Dermatitis. 2015;26(6):254–9.
13. Dodge LE, Kelley KE, Williams PL, Williams MA, Hernández-Díaz S, Missmer SA, et al.
Medications as a source of paraben exposure. Reprod Toxicol. 2015;52:93–100.
14. Liao C, Chen L, Kannan K. Occurrence of parabens in foodstuffs from China and its implications for human dietary exposure. Environ Int. 2013;57:68–74.
15. Shivashankara A, Haniadka R, Fayad R, Palatty P, Arora R, Baliga M. Hepatoprotective effects
of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger): A review. In: Bioactive food as dietary interventions
for liver and gastrointestinal disease. Boston: Elsevier; 2013. p. 657–71.
16. Soni M, Carabin I, Burdock G. Safety assessment of esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (parabens). Food Chem Toxicol. 2005;43(7):985–1015.
17. Berger KP, Kogut KR, Bradman A, She J, Gavin Q, Zahedi R, et al. Personal care product use
as a predictor of urinary concentrations of certain phthalates, parabens, and phenols in the
HERMOSA study. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2019;29(1):21–32.
K. Haider et al.
Conflict of Interest Nothing to declare.
References
1. Fransway AF, Fransway PJ, Belsito DV, Warshaw EM, Sasseville D, Fowler JF Jr, et al.
Parabens. Dermatitis. 2019;30(1):3–31.
2. Tade R, More MP, Chatap V, Deshmukh P, Patil P. Safety and toxicity assessment of parabens
in pharmaceutical and food products. Invent Rapid: Pharm Pract. 2018;3:1–9.
3. Seetaramaiah K, Smith AA, Murali R, Manavalan R. Preservatives in food products-review. Int
J Pharm Biol Arch. 2011;2(2):583–99.
4. Maher HM, Alzoman NZ, Almeshal MA, Alotaibi HA, Alotaibi NN, Al-Showiman
H. Quantitative screening of parabens in Ready-to-eat foodstuffs available in the Saudi market
using high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection. Arab J Chem.
2018;13(1):2897–911.
5. Ana F, Paula FA. Parabens paradoxes in cosmetic formulations: a review. Int J Med Res Pharm
Sci. 2016;8:3.
6. Darbre PD, Harvey PW. Paraben esters: review of recent studies of endocrine toxicity, absorption, esterase and human exposure, and discussion of potential human health risks. J Appl
Toxicol. 2008;28(5):561–78.
7. Janjua NR, Mortensen GK, Andersson A-M, Kongshoj B, Skakkebaek NE, Wulf HC. Systemic
uptake of diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, and butyl paraben following whole-body topical application and reproductive and thyroid hormone levels in humans. Environ Sci Technol.
2007;41(15):5564–70.
8. Ye X, Kuklenyik Z, Bishop AM, Needham LL, Calafat AM. Quantification of the urinary
concentrations of parabens in humans by on-line solid phase extraction-high performance
liquid chromatography–isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B.
2006;844(1):53–9.
9. Boberg J, Taxvig C, Christiansen S, Hass U. Possible endocrine disrupting effects of parabens
and their metabolites. Reprod Toxicol. 2010;30(2):301–12.
10. Lakeram M, Lockley DJ, Sanders DJ, Pendlington R, Forbes B. Paraben transport and metabolism in the biomimetic artificial membrane permeability assay (BAMPA) and 3-day and
21-day Caco-2 cell systems. J Biomol Screen. 2007;12(1):84–91.
11. Błędzka D, Gromadzińska J, Wąsowicz W. Parabens. From environmental studies to human
health. Environ Int. 2014;67:27–42.
12. Sasseville D, Alfalah M, Lacroix J-P. “Parabenoia” debunked, or “who’s afraid of parabens?”.
Dermatitis. 2015;26(6):254–9.
13. Dodge LE, Kelley KE, Williams PL, Williams MA, Hernández-Díaz S, Missmer SA, et al.
Medications as a source of paraben exposure. Reprod Toxicol. 2015;52:93–100.
14. Liao C, Chen L, Kannan K. Occurrence of parabens in foodstuffs from China and its implications for human dietary exposure. Environ Int. 2013;57:68–74.
15. Shivashankara A, Haniadka R, Fayad R, Palatty P, Arora R, Baliga M. Hepatoprotective effects
of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger): A review. In: Bioactive food as dietary interventions
for liver and gastrointestinal disease. Boston: Elsevier; 2013. p. 657–71.
16. Soni M, Carabin I, Burdock G. Safety assessment of esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (parabens). Food Chem Toxicol. 2005;43(7):985–1015.
17. Berger KP, Kogut KR, Bradman A, She J, Gavin Q, Zahedi R, et al. Personal care product use
as a predictor of urinary concentrations of certain phthalates, parabens, and phenols in the
HERMOSA study. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2019;29(1):21–32.
K. Haider et al.