113
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license
to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. S. H. Akash et al. (eds.), Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals-induced
Metabolic Disorders and Treatment Strategies, Emerging Contaminants
and Associated Treatment Technologies,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45923-9_7
Chapter 7
Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals:
Occurrence and Exposure to the Human
Being
Qurat UL Ain, Debmalya Roy, Anam Ahsan, Muhammad Asim Farooq,
Md Aquib, Zahid Hussain, Brobbey Emmanuel, and Bo Wang
Abstract Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can be described as exogenous factors
that impede the production, release, circulation, and binding of the body’s endogenous hormones, essential for the continuation of reproduction, growth, and homeostasis. In the past few decades certain groups of chemicals that are widely used for
the construction materials, home decors, and everyday use goods have demonstrated
to be endocrine-disrupting chemicals which include polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs) for electronics, paints and floor coats, fire retardants used in furniture and
textiles, phthalates used in plastics and scents, parabens used for the protection of
products such as lotions and sunscreens, and alkylphenols used in detergents and
pesticide formulations. In several countries, endocrine-disrupting chemicals have a
higher health risk and may lead to the progression of specific abnormalities.
Interference with the natural hormonal mechanism causes irreversible toxicity,
which creates harmful reproductive, developmental, and behavioral effects. One of
the significant public health concerns of these chemical compounds is their lifelong
detrimental effects. The role and impacts of endocrine disruptors and their link to
Q. U. Ain · D. Roy
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University,
Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
A. Ahsan
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University,
Taigu, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
M. A. Farooq · M. Aquib · B. Emmanuel · B. Wang (*)
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University,
Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Z. Hussain
Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy,
University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license
to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021
M. S. H. Akash et al. (eds.), Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals-induced
Metabolic Disorders and Treatment Strategies, Emerging Contaminants
and Associated Treatment Technologies,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45923-9_7
Chapter 7
Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals:
Occurrence and Exposure to the Human
Being
Qurat UL Ain, Debmalya Roy, Anam Ahsan, Muhammad Asim Farooq,
Md Aquib, Zahid Hussain, Brobbey Emmanuel, and Bo Wang
Abstract Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can be described as exogenous factors
that impede the production, release, circulation, and binding of the body’s endogenous hormones, essential for the continuation of reproduction, growth, and homeostasis. In the past few decades certain groups of chemicals that are widely used for
the construction materials, home decors, and everyday use goods have demonstrated
to be endocrine-disrupting chemicals which include polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs) for electronics, paints and floor coats, fire retardants used in furniture and
textiles, phthalates used in plastics and scents, parabens used for the protection of
products such as lotions and sunscreens, and alkylphenols used in detergents and
pesticide formulations. In several countries, endocrine-disrupting chemicals have a
higher health risk and may lead to the progression of specific abnormalities.
Interference with the natural hormonal mechanism causes irreversible toxicity,
which creates harmful reproductive, developmental, and behavioral effects. One of
the significant public health concerns of these chemical compounds is their lifelong
detrimental effects. The role and impacts of endocrine disruptors and their link to
Q. U. Ain · D. Roy
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University,
Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
A. Ahsan
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University,
Taigu, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
M. A. Farooq · M. Aquib · B. Emmanuel · B. Wang (*)
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University,
Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Z. Hussain
Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy,
University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates