References
Albert, D.A. 2003. Between Land the Lake: Michigan’s Great Lakes
Coastal Wetlands. Mich. Nat. Features Inventory, Mich. State Univ.
Ext., Ext. Bull. E-2902. 96.
Bornhorst, T.J. 2016. An overview of the geology of the Great Lakes
basin. A.E. Seaman Mineral. Museum, Web Publ. 1, p. 8. (http://
www.museum.mtu.edu/sites/default/AESMM_Web_Pub_1_Great_
Lakes_Geology/_0.pd.
Calkin, P.E. and B.H. Feenstra. 1985. Evolution of the Erie-basin Great
Lakes. In Quaternary evolution of the great Lakes, eds. P.F. Karrow
and P.E. Calkin, 149–170. Canada: Geological Association of
Canada (Spec. Pap. 30).
Clark, J.A., and Befus, K.M. 2009. Shifting shorelines: modeling the
20,000-year history of the Great Lakes. ArcUser (summer), 24–26.
Clark, J.A., K.M. Befus, and G.R. Sharman. 2012. A model of surface
water hydrology of the Great Lakes, North America during the past
16,000 years. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 53–54: 61–71.
Cowan, W.R. 1985. Deglacial Great Lakes shorelines at Sault Ste.
Marie, Ontario. In Quaternary evolution of the great Lakes, eds. P.
F. Karrow and P.E. Calkin, 33–37. Canada: Geological Association
of Canada (Spec. Pap. 30).
Farrand, W.R., C.W. Drexler and C.W. 1985. Late Wisconsinan and
Holocene history of the Lake Superior basin. In Quaternary
evolution of the Great Lakes, eds. P.F. Karrow and P.E. Calkin, 17–
32. Canada: Geological Association of Canada (Spec. Pap. 30).
Hinkel, K.M., and F.E. Nelson. 2012. Spatial and temporal aspects of
the lake effect on the southern shore of Lake Superior. Theoretical
and Applied Climatology 109: 415–428.
Hough, J.L. 1958. Geology of the Great Lakes. Univ. of Illinois Press.
313 pp.
Hupy, C.M. 2013. Mapping ecotone movements: Holocene dynamics
of the forest tension zone in central Lower Michigan, USA.
Physical Geography 33 (5): 473–490.
Karrow, P.F. 1984. Quaternary stratigraphy and history, Great
Lakes-St. Lawrence region. QuaternaryStratigraphy of Canada—
A Canadian Contribution to IGCP Project 24, Geological Survey
Canada Paper84–10, pp. 137–153.
Larsen, C.E. 1987. Geologic history of Glacial Lake Algonquin and the
upper Great Lakes. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1801: 36.
Larson, G., and Schaetzl, R. 2001. Origin and evolution of the Great
Lakes. Journal of Great LakesResearch 27: 518–546.
Mickelson, D.M., and Colgan, P.M. 2003. The southern Laurentide ice
sheet. Developments in Quaternary Sciences 1:1–7
Neff, B.P., Piggott, A.R., and Sheets, R.A. 2005. Estimation of shallow
ground-water recharge in the Greatlakes basin. US Geological
Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005–5284.
Prest, V.K. 1970. Quaternary Geology of Canada. In Geology and
economic minerals of Canada, ed Douglas, R.J.W. Geol. Surv.
Canada. Econ. Geol. 676–764.
Robertson, D.M., and Saad, D.A. 2011. Nutrient inputs to the
Laurentian Great Lakes by source and watershed estimated using
Fig. 2.16 Land use in the Great Lakes and adjoining basins (Robertson and Saad 2011; open access)
References
33
Albert, D.A. 2003. Between Land the Lake: Michigan’s Great Lakes
Coastal Wetlands. Mich. Nat. Features Inventory, Mich. State Univ.
Ext., Ext. Bull. E-2902. 96.
Bornhorst, T.J. 2016. An overview of the geology of the Great Lakes
basin. A.E. Seaman Mineral. Museum, Web Publ. 1, p. 8. (http://
www.museum.mtu.edu/sites/default/AESMM_Web_Pub_1_Great_
Lakes_Geology/_0.pd.
Calkin, P.E. and B.H. Feenstra. 1985. Evolution of the Erie-basin Great
Lakes. In Quaternary evolution of the great Lakes, eds. P.F. Karrow
and P.E. Calkin, 149–170. Canada: Geological Association of
Canada (Spec. Pap. 30).
Clark, J.A., and Befus, K.M. 2009. Shifting shorelines: modeling the
20,000-year history of the Great Lakes. ArcUser (summer), 24–26.
Clark, J.A., K.M. Befus, and G.R. Sharman. 2012. A model of surface
water hydrology of the Great Lakes, North America during the past
16,000 years. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 53–54: 61–71.
Cowan, W.R. 1985. Deglacial Great Lakes shorelines at Sault Ste.
Marie, Ontario. In Quaternary evolution of the great Lakes, eds. P.
F. Karrow and P.E. Calkin, 33–37. Canada: Geological Association
of Canada (Spec. Pap. 30).
Farrand, W.R., C.W. Drexler and C.W. 1985. Late Wisconsinan and
Holocene history of the Lake Superior basin. In Quaternary
evolution of the Great Lakes, eds. P.F. Karrow and P.E. Calkin, 17–
32. Canada: Geological Association of Canada (Spec. Pap. 30).
Hinkel, K.M., and F.E. Nelson. 2012. Spatial and temporal aspects of
the lake effect on the southern shore of Lake Superior. Theoretical
and Applied Climatology 109: 415–428.
Hough, J.L. 1958. Geology of the Great Lakes. Univ. of Illinois Press.
313 pp.
Hupy, C.M. 2013. Mapping ecotone movements: Holocene dynamics
of the forest tension zone in central Lower Michigan, USA.
Physical Geography 33 (5): 473–490.
Karrow, P.F. 1984. Quaternary stratigraphy and history, Great
Lakes-St. Lawrence region. QuaternaryStratigraphy of Canada—
A Canadian Contribution to IGCP Project 24, Geological Survey
Canada Paper84–10, pp. 137–153.
Larsen, C.E. 1987. Geologic history of Glacial Lake Algonquin and the
upper Great Lakes. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1801: 36.
Larson, G., and Schaetzl, R. 2001. Origin and evolution of the Great
Lakes. Journal of Great LakesResearch 27: 518–546.
Mickelson, D.M., and Colgan, P.M. 2003. The southern Laurentide ice
sheet. Developments in Quaternary Sciences 1:1–7
Neff, B.P., Piggott, A.R., and Sheets, R.A. 2005. Estimation of shallow
ground-water recharge in the Greatlakes basin. US Geological
Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005–5284.
Prest, V.K. 1970. Quaternary Geology of Canada. In Geology and
economic minerals of Canada, ed Douglas, R.J.W. Geol. Surv.
Canada. Econ. Geol. 676–764.
Robertson, D.M., and Saad, D.A. 2011. Nutrient inputs to the
Laurentian Great Lakes by source and watershed estimated using
Fig. 2.16 Land use in the Great Lakes and adjoining basins (Robertson and Saad 2011; open access)
References
33