reductions in plasma glucose concentrations, SGLT1 are similar, but their mode of
action is in the intestines. Phlorizin from the bark of P. communis was the first
compound to be known to exert SGLT1 and SGLT2 inhibition. This flavonoid
along with some other flavonoids and some alkaloids (10-methoxy-N(1)methylburnamine-17-O-veratrate and allstiphyllanine D) with SGLT inhibitor
capacity are reviewed by Blaschek (2017). Table 15.4 presents an overview of plant
with antidiabetic effect through the modulation of glucose transporters.
15.6 Activation of Insulin Secretion
DM has become an important health problem with its high morbidity and mortality
since it is considered a chronic-degenerative disease with an increase in its
prevalence. Etiologically, DM suggests that alterations in genetic and environmental factors, as well as increased insulin resistance (Fang et al. 2016). Insulin
resistance in DM is mainly caused by the modification of insulin signaling making
the body insulin sensitive (Wang et al. 2019). The result of these modifications is
the reduction of glucose absorption from myocytes, hepatocytes, adipocytes, and
Table 15.4 Overview of plants with antidiabetic effect through effect in glucose transporters
Plant/vegetable specie
Effect in glucose
transporters
References
Saffron
GLUT4
Bagetta et al. (2020)
Onion
GLUT4
Akash et al. (2014), Bagetta et al.
(2020)
Opuntia ficus-indica
GLUT1
Dinda et al. (2020)
Brachylaena elliptica
GLUT2
Sagbo et al. (2018)
Cinnamon
GLUT4
Şanlier and Gencer (2020)
Ginger
GLUT4
Şanlier and Gencer (2020)
Astragalus
membranaceus
GLUT4
Venkatakrishnan et al. (2019)
Gymnema sylvestre
GLUT2, GLUT4
Venkatakrishnan et al. (2019)
Fenugreek
GLUT4
Venkatakrishnan et al. (2019)
Nigella sativa
GLUT4
Benhaddou-Andaloussi et al.
(2011)
Black bean
GLUT2, SGLT1
Mojica et al. (2017)
Centratherum
anthelminticum
GLUT2, GLUT4
Arya et al. (2012)
Thymus praecox
SGLT-1, SGLT-2,
GLUT2
Cam et al. (2019)
Curcumin
GLUT4
Chauhan et al. (2018)
Acer nikoense
SGLT
Choi (2016)
Sophora flavescens
SGLT
Choi (2016)
15 Role of Natural Bio-active Compounds …
547
action is in the intestines. Phlorizin from the bark of P. communis was the first
compound to be known to exert SGLT1 and SGLT2 inhibition. This flavonoid
along with some other flavonoids and some alkaloids (10-methoxy-N(1)methylburnamine-17-O-veratrate and allstiphyllanine D) with SGLT inhibitor
capacity are reviewed by Blaschek (2017). Table 15.4 presents an overview of plant
with antidiabetic effect through the modulation of glucose transporters.
15.6 Activation of Insulin Secretion
DM has become an important health problem with its high morbidity and mortality
since it is considered a chronic-degenerative disease with an increase in its
prevalence. Etiologically, DM suggests that alterations in genetic and environmental factors, as well as increased insulin resistance (Fang et al. 2016). Insulin
resistance in DM is mainly caused by the modification of insulin signaling making
the body insulin sensitive (Wang et al. 2019). The result of these modifications is
the reduction of glucose absorption from myocytes, hepatocytes, adipocytes, and
Table 15.4 Overview of plants with antidiabetic effect through effect in glucose transporters
Plant/vegetable specie
Effect in glucose
transporters
References
Saffron
GLUT4
Bagetta et al. (2020)
Onion
GLUT4
Akash et al. (2014), Bagetta et al.
(2020)
Opuntia ficus-indica
GLUT1
Dinda et al. (2020)
Brachylaena elliptica
GLUT2
Sagbo et al. (2018)
Cinnamon
GLUT4
Şanlier and Gencer (2020)
Ginger
GLUT4
Şanlier and Gencer (2020)
Astragalus
membranaceus
GLUT4
Venkatakrishnan et al. (2019)
Gymnema sylvestre
GLUT2, GLUT4
Venkatakrishnan et al. (2019)
Fenugreek
GLUT4
Venkatakrishnan et al. (2019)
Nigella sativa
GLUT4
Benhaddou-Andaloussi et al.
(2011)
Black bean
GLUT2, SGLT1
Mojica et al. (2017)
Centratherum
anthelminticum
GLUT2, GLUT4
Arya et al. (2012)
Thymus praecox
SGLT-1, SGLT-2,
GLUT2
Cam et al. (2019)
Curcumin
GLUT4
Chauhan et al. (2018)
Acer nikoense
SGLT
Choi (2016)
Sophora flavescens
SGLT
Choi (2016)
15 Role of Natural Bio-active Compounds …
547