14.3.12 Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities
of A. Mairei
14.3.12.1 Cytotoxic Activities
Cai et al. isolated 22 indole alkaloids (340–355, 250, 244, 241, 230, 20, 19) from
the ethanolic extract of A. mairei leaves and twigs (Fig. 14.60) and evaluated its
cytotoxic potential of various monoterpenoid from in A-549, PANC-1, HL-60,
SMMC-7721, and SK-BR-3 cells. However, it exhibited poor cytotoxicity
(IC 50 > 40.0 µM) (Cai et al. 2010b).
Yan et al. isolated four alkaloids (320, 356–358) from the ethanolic extract of A.
mairei leaves (Fig. 14.61) and evaluated its in vitro cytotoxic activities against four
osteosarcoma cell lines (Saos-2, Mg-63, U2-OS, and SOSP-9607 cells) (Yan et al.
2017). Alstomairine B (357) and alstomairine C (358) exhibited higher cytotoxic
activity (IC 50 < 15.0 µM) against all tested tumor cell lines. IC 50 of doxorubicin
(positive control) was in the range of 0.02–0.03 µM.
14.3.13 Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities
of A. Congensis
14.3.13.1 Antiplasmodial Activity
Kanyanga et al. evaluated the antiplasmodial activity of various phytochemicals (9,
55, 311, 359) from A. congensis root bark (Cimanga et al. 2019). Two strains of
P. falciparum (K1 and NF54 A19A) were used for in vitro screening. Boonein
(359, Fig. 14.62) was inactive against both the strain (IC50 > 64 µM) while 55 and
311 exhibited a moderate activity (IC50 = 20.57 & and 5.05 and 21.26 &
40.70 µM, respectively for K1 and NF54 A19A strains). Quinine was used as a
positive control that exhibited an IC50 of 0.25 and 0.46 µM, respectively, for K1
and NF54 A19A strains. Further, these compounds did not exhibit any kind of
cytotoxicity against MRC-5 cells (CC 50 > 64 µM).
14.3.14 Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities
of A. Angustiloba
14.3.14.1 Vasorelaxant Activities
Koyama et al. isolated alstilobanines A-E (360–364) from the methanolic extract of
A. angustiloba leaves (Fig. 14.63) and evaluated its vasorelaxant activities in isolated rat aorta (Koyama et al. 2008). Phenylephrine (PE, 3 Â 10
−7 M) was
14 Pharmaceutical Application of Bio-actives …
519
of A. Mairei
14.3.12.1 Cytotoxic Activities
Cai et al. isolated 22 indole alkaloids (340–355, 250, 244, 241, 230, 20, 19) from
the ethanolic extract of A. mairei leaves and twigs (Fig. 14.60) and evaluated its
cytotoxic potential of various monoterpenoid from in A-549, PANC-1, HL-60,
SMMC-7721, and SK-BR-3 cells. However, it exhibited poor cytotoxicity
(IC 50 > 40.0 µM) (Cai et al. 2010b).
Yan et al. isolated four alkaloids (320, 356–358) from the ethanolic extract of A.
mairei leaves (Fig. 14.61) and evaluated its in vitro cytotoxic activities against four
osteosarcoma cell lines (Saos-2, Mg-63, U2-OS, and SOSP-9607 cells) (Yan et al.
2017). Alstomairine B (357) and alstomairine C (358) exhibited higher cytotoxic
activity (IC 50 < 15.0 µM) against all tested tumor cell lines. IC 50 of doxorubicin
(positive control) was in the range of 0.02–0.03 µM.
14.3.13 Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities
of A. Congensis
14.3.13.1 Antiplasmodial Activity
Kanyanga et al. evaluated the antiplasmodial activity of various phytochemicals (9,
55, 311, 359) from A. congensis root bark (Cimanga et al. 2019). Two strains of
P. falciparum (K1 and NF54 A19A) were used for in vitro screening. Boonein
(359, Fig. 14.62) was inactive against both the strain (IC50 > 64 µM) while 55 and
311 exhibited a moderate activity (IC50 = 20.57 & and 5.05 and 21.26 &
40.70 µM, respectively for K1 and NF54 A19A strains). Quinine was used as a
positive control that exhibited an IC50 of 0.25 and 0.46 µM, respectively, for K1
and NF54 A19A strains. Further, these compounds did not exhibit any kind of
cytotoxicity against MRC-5 cells (CC 50 > 64 µM).
14.3.14 Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities
of A. Angustiloba
14.3.14.1 Vasorelaxant Activities
Koyama et al. isolated alstilobanines A-E (360–364) from the methanolic extract of
A. angustiloba leaves (Fig. 14.63) and evaluated its vasorelaxant activities in isolated rat aorta (Koyama et al. 2008). Phenylephrine (PE, 3 Â 10
−7 M) was
14 Pharmaceutical Application of Bio-actives …
519