rhizome followed by estimation of protein and enzymatic activities against beta
glucanase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes. The experiment was
started with the reaction between new root/leaf of turmeric obtained from sodium
hypochlorite treated turmeric rhizomes and chitosan (0.1% weight/volume) followed by elicited for a time period of six month. During the period, proper dosing
of chitosan elicitation was provided after seven month leaves and roots were
evaluated for the activities. The outcomes revealed that rhizome biomass was
higher with fresh weight culture; chitosan elicitation was increased the curcumin
production followed by elicitated leaves produced higher amount of protein as well
as greater enzymatic activities against beta glucanase, peroxidase and polyphenol
oxidase enzymes than elicitated rhizome. So these data confirmed the importance of
chitosan on the accumulation of curcumin and enzymatic activity of turmeric plant
(Sathiyabamaa et al. 2016).
1.4.3 Production of Secondary Metabolites Using
Abiotic-Biotic Dual Elicitors
1.4.3.1 Effects of Microbial Elicitors on Glycyrrhizic Acid Production
in Taverniera cuneifolia Culture
Awad et al. experimentally proved the importance of microbial elicitors on the
production of glycyrrhizic acid from root cultures of Taverniera cuneifolia (Indian
liquorice) plant. The experiment was started with the development of root from
synthetic roots of the plant followed by treatment with fungal (Aspergillus niger,
Aspergillus tenius, Penicillium fellutanum, Fusarium moniliforme, Mucor hiemalis)
and bacterial (Bacillus aminovorans, A. rhizogenes, A. tumefacians, B. cereus,
Rhizobium leguminosarum) cultures. Another elicitation process include treatment
of root cultures (after 6th week) with MJ (1, 2.5, 5, 10, 100 and 1000) lM concentration. After three days treatment both elicited root cultures were stored and
measured for glycyrrhizic acid production. The outcomes revealed that maximum
glycyrrhizic acid was produced from Fusarium moniliforme and R. leguminosarum
microbial elicitors. Another outcomes showed that glycyrrhizic acid was maximum
obtained with MJ from plant biomass with 100 lM concentration (Fig. 1.9) These
data confirmed the importance of microbial elicitors and MJ on the production of
glycyrrhizic acid present in T. cuneifolia plant (Awad et al. 2014).
1.4.3.2 Effects of Yeast and MJ on b-thujaplicin in Cupressus
lusitanica Culture
Zhao et al. scientifically proved the importance of yeast as biotic elicitor on the
production of natural antimicrobial agent generated from geranyl pyrophosphate
24
S. Saha and D. Pal
glucanase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzymes. The experiment was
started with the reaction between new root/leaf of turmeric obtained from sodium
hypochlorite treated turmeric rhizomes and chitosan (0.1% weight/volume) followed by elicited for a time period of six month. During the period, proper dosing
of chitosan elicitation was provided after seven month leaves and roots were
evaluated for the activities. The outcomes revealed that rhizome biomass was
higher with fresh weight culture; chitosan elicitation was increased the curcumin
production followed by elicitated leaves produced higher amount of protein as well
as greater enzymatic activities against beta glucanase, peroxidase and polyphenol
oxidase enzymes than elicitated rhizome. So these data confirmed the importance of
chitosan on the accumulation of curcumin and enzymatic activity of turmeric plant
(Sathiyabamaa et al. 2016).
1.4.3 Production of Secondary Metabolites Using
Abiotic-Biotic Dual Elicitors
1.4.3.1 Effects of Microbial Elicitors on Glycyrrhizic Acid Production
in Taverniera cuneifolia Culture
Awad et al. experimentally proved the importance of microbial elicitors on the
production of glycyrrhizic acid from root cultures of Taverniera cuneifolia (Indian
liquorice) plant. The experiment was started with the development of root from
synthetic roots of the plant followed by treatment with fungal (Aspergillus niger,
Aspergillus tenius, Penicillium fellutanum, Fusarium moniliforme, Mucor hiemalis)
and bacterial (Bacillus aminovorans, A. rhizogenes, A. tumefacians, B. cereus,
Rhizobium leguminosarum) cultures. Another elicitation process include treatment
of root cultures (after 6th week) with MJ (1, 2.5, 5, 10, 100 and 1000) lM concentration. After three days treatment both elicited root cultures were stored and
measured for glycyrrhizic acid production. The outcomes revealed that maximum
glycyrrhizic acid was produced from Fusarium moniliforme and R. leguminosarum
microbial elicitors. Another outcomes showed that glycyrrhizic acid was maximum
obtained with MJ from plant biomass with 100 lM concentration (Fig. 1.9) These
data confirmed the importance of microbial elicitors and MJ on the production of
glycyrrhizic acid present in T. cuneifolia plant (Awad et al. 2014).
1.4.3.2 Effects of Yeast and MJ on b-thujaplicin in Cupressus
lusitanica Culture
Zhao et al. scientifically proved the importance of yeast as biotic elicitor on the
production of natural antimicrobial agent generated from geranyl pyrophosphate
24
S. Saha and D. Pal