important components that can be used for the discovery and the progression of
new anticancer medications. Since natural components have no or negligible
adverse effects, the utilization of these substances to develop novel anticancer
agents provide a promising choice for chemoprevention and novel cancer treatment.
The current therapeutic intervention for the management of cancer poses several
limitations due to the use of mono-targeted synthetic agents, elevated cost, low
effectiveness, and dangerous adverse actions. Consequently, it is necessary to
develop novel and innovative medications for the prevention and treatment of
cancer. Carvacrol is known to prevent the development of many cancers as well as
suppress the growth of cancer cells.
Various signaling pathways were implicated in the proliferation, differentiation,
apoptosis evasion, and survival of neoplastic cells. So these pathway activation
results in cancer-promoting mechanisms. This review indicates the capacity of
phytochemical carvacrol to act as multi-targeted agents to impede cancer cell
growth. Carvacrol’s cytotoxic actions toward specific cancer by inhibition of cell
proliferation, and its antimitotic behavior induced apoptosis and inhibition of
movement, invasion, or metastasis of cancer cells.
Further research studies need to be directed in vivo to disclose the long-term
impacts of carvacrol usage, the cause of the various pathway inhibition, the impact
of carvacrol to prevent cancer in high-risk populations, and its effects when used in
combination with existing chemotherapy and when used in conjunction with
diversified phytoconstituents. An impressive amount of research findings presented
here establishes the promise of this phytochemical as anticancer agents and the
necessity for the implementation of this phytochemical into human clinical trials.
Chemopreventive carvacrol responsible for the inhibition of various pathways
has been discussed throughout this article. Thus, a coordinated effort to discover
new targets to boost the capability to restore the normal signaling process will result
in the future chemopreventive and anticancer drugs. The findings of the studies
presented in this review may enable researchers to create novel and effective cancer
prevention and therapeutic approaches.
References
Abbaszadeh S, Sharifzadeh A, Shokri H, Khosravi AR, Abbaszadeh A (2014) Antifungal efficacy
of thymol, carvacrol, eugenol and menthol as alternative agents to control the growth of
food-relevant fungi. J. de. Mycologie Médicale. 24:e51–e56
Adam K, Sivropoulou A, Kokkini S, Lanaras T, Arsenakis M (1998) Antifungal activities of
Origanum vulgare sub sp. hirtum, Menthaspicata, Lavandula angustifolia and Salvia fruticosa
essential oils against human pathogenic fungi. J Agric Food Chem 46:1739–1745
Aeschbach R, Löliger J, Scott BC, Murcia A, Butler J, Halliwell B, Aruoma OI (1994) Antioxidant
actions of thymol, carvacrol, 6-gingerol, zingerone and hydroxytyrosol. Food Chem Toxicol
32:31–36
Alagawany M (2015) Biological effects and modes of action of carvacrol in animal and poultry
production and health - A review. Adv Anim Vet Sci 3:73–84
456
A. Mondal et al.
new anticancer medications. Since natural components have no or negligible
adverse effects, the utilization of these substances to develop novel anticancer
agents provide a promising choice for chemoprevention and novel cancer treatment.
The current therapeutic intervention for the management of cancer poses several
limitations due to the use of mono-targeted synthetic agents, elevated cost, low
effectiveness, and dangerous adverse actions. Consequently, it is necessary to
develop novel and innovative medications for the prevention and treatment of
cancer. Carvacrol is known to prevent the development of many cancers as well as
suppress the growth of cancer cells.
Various signaling pathways were implicated in the proliferation, differentiation,
apoptosis evasion, and survival of neoplastic cells. So these pathway activation
results in cancer-promoting mechanisms. This review indicates the capacity of
phytochemical carvacrol to act as multi-targeted agents to impede cancer cell
growth. Carvacrol’s cytotoxic actions toward specific cancer by inhibition of cell
proliferation, and its antimitotic behavior induced apoptosis and inhibition of
movement, invasion, or metastasis of cancer cells.
Further research studies need to be directed in vivo to disclose the long-term
impacts of carvacrol usage, the cause of the various pathway inhibition, the impact
of carvacrol to prevent cancer in high-risk populations, and its effects when used in
combination with existing chemotherapy and when used in conjunction with
diversified phytoconstituents. An impressive amount of research findings presented
here establishes the promise of this phytochemical as anticancer agents and the
necessity for the implementation of this phytochemical into human clinical trials.
Chemopreventive carvacrol responsible for the inhibition of various pathways
has been discussed throughout this article. Thus, a coordinated effort to discover
new targets to boost the capability to restore the normal signaling process will result
in the future chemopreventive and anticancer drugs. The findings of the studies
presented in this review may enable researchers to create novel and effective cancer
prevention and therapeutic approaches.
References
Abbaszadeh S, Sharifzadeh A, Shokri H, Khosravi AR, Abbaszadeh A (2014) Antifungal efficacy
of thymol, carvacrol, eugenol and menthol as alternative agents to control the growth of
food-relevant fungi. J. de. Mycologie Médicale. 24:e51–e56
Adam K, Sivropoulou A, Kokkini S, Lanaras T, Arsenakis M (1998) Antifungal activities of
Origanum vulgare sub sp. hirtum, Menthaspicata, Lavandula angustifolia and Salvia fruticosa
essential oils against human pathogenic fungi. J Agric Food Chem 46:1739–1745
Aeschbach R, Löliger J, Scott BC, Murcia A, Butler J, Halliwell B, Aruoma OI (1994) Antioxidant
actions of thymol, carvacrol, 6-gingerol, zingerone and hydroxytyrosol. Food Chem Toxicol
32:31–36
Alagawany M (2015) Biological effects and modes of action of carvacrol in animal and poultry
production and health - A review. Adv Anim Vet Sci 3:73–84
456
A. Mondal et al.