Raju J, Gupta D, Rao AR, Yadava PK, Baquer NZ (2001) Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek)
seed powder improves glucose homeostasis in alloxan diabetic rat tissues by reversing the
altered glycolytic, gluconeogenic and lipogenic enzymes. Mol Cell Biochem 224:45–51
Raju J, Rao CV (2012) Diosgenin, a steroid saponin constituent of yams and fenugreek: emerging
evidence for applications in medicine. In: Bioactive compounds in phytomedicine. InTech,
pp 125–143
Randhawa R, Bassi P, Kaur G (2012) In vitro, in vivo evaluation of inter polymer complexes
between carboxymethyl fenugreek gum and chitosan or carboxymethyl guar gum and chitosan
for colon delivery of tamoxifen. Asian Pac J Trop Dis 2:202–207
Rao PU, Sesikeran B, Rao PS, Naidu AN, Rao VV, Ramachandran EP (1996) Short term
nutritional and safety evaluation of fenugreek. Nutr Res 16:1495–1505
Rashid F, Hussain S, Ahmed Z (2018) Extraction purification and characterization of
galactomannan from fenugreek for industrial utilization. Carbohydr Polym 180:88–95
Roberts KT, Cui SW, Wu Y, Williams SA, Wang C, Graham T (2014) Physicochemical
evaluation of fenugreek gum and extrusion modified fenugreek gum and effects on starch
degradation in bread. Bioact Carbohydr Diet Fibre 4:176–183
Rosin MP, Anwar WA, Ward AJ (1994) Inflammation, chromosomal instability, and cancer: the
schistosomiasis model. Cancer Res 54:1929–1933
Rossi B, Campia P, Merlini L, Brasca M, Pastori N, Farris S, Galante YM (2016) An aerogel
obtained from chemo-enzymatically oxidized fenugreek galactomannans as a versatile delivery
system. Carbohydr Polym 144:353–361
Rowe RC, Sheskey P, Quinn M (2009) Handbook of pharmaceutical excipients, In: Libros
Digitales-Pharmaceutical Press, pp 278–298
Sav AK, Fule RA, Ali MT, Amin P (2013) Synthesis and evaluation of octenyl succinate
anhydride derivative of fenugreek gum as extended release polymer. J Pharmaceut Invest
43:417–429
Shabbeer S, Sobolewski M, Anchoori RK, Kachhap S, Hidalgo M, Jimeno A, Khan SR (2009)
Fenugreek: a naturally occurring edible spice as an anticancer agent. Cancer Biol Ther 8:272–
278
Sharma JD, Bhinda A (2005) Antifertility activity of steroidal extract of Trigonella
foenum-graecum (seeds) in female rats. Asian J Exp Sci 19:115–120
Sharma RD, Sarkar A, Hazara DK, Mishra B, Singh JB, Sharma SK, Maheshwari PK (1996a) Use
of fenuqreek seed powder in the management of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Nutr
Res 16:1331–1339
Sharma RD, Sarkar A, Hazra DK, Misra B, Singh JB, Maheshwari BB (1996b) Toxicological
evaluation of fenugreek seeds: a long term feeding experiment in diabetic patients. Phytother
Res 10:519–520
Sindhu G, Ratheesh M, Shyni GL, Nambisan B, Helen A (2012) Anti-inflammatory and
antioxidative effects of mucilage of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek) on adjuvant
induced arthritic rats. Int Immunopharmacol 12:205–211
Singh B (2018) Gamma radiation synthesis and characterization of gentamicin loaded
polysaccharide gum based hydrogel wound dressings. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 47:200–208
Singh G, Pai RS (2015) Trans-resveratrol self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS)
with enhanced bioavailability potential: optimization, pharmacokinetics and in situ single pass
intestinal perfusion (SPIP) studies. Drug Deliv 22:522–530
Singh V, Sethi R, Tiwari A (2009) Structure elucidation and properties of a non-ionic
galactomannan derived from the Cassia pleurocarpa seeds. Int J Biol Macromol 44:9–13
Sohail A, Turner MS, Coombes A, Bostrom T, Bhandari B (2011) Survivability of probiotics
encapsulated in alginate gel microbeads using a novel impinging aerosols method. Int J Food
Microbiol 145:162–168
Song BK, Winter WT, Taravel FR (1989) Crystallography of highly substituted galactomannans:
fenugreek and lucerne gums. Macromolecules 22:2641–2644
Sorrentino MJ (2012) An update on statin alternatives and adjuncts. Clin Lipidol 7:721–730
11 Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Applications of Fenugreek Gum
407
seed powder improves glucose homeostasis in alloxan diabetic rat tissues by reversing the
altered glycolytic, gluconeogenic and lipogenic enzymes. Mol Cell Biochem 224:45–51
Raju J, Rao CV (2012) Diosgenin, a steroid saponin constituent of yams and fenugreek: emerging
evidence for applications in medicine. In: Bioactive compounds in phytomedicine. InTech,
pp 125–143
Randhawa R, Bassi P, Kaur G (2012) In vitro, in vivo evaluation of inter polymer complexes
between carboxymethyl fenugreek gum and chitosan or carboxymethyl guar gum and chitosan
for colon delivery of tamoxifen. Asian Pac J Trop Dis 2:202–207
Rao PU, Sesikeran B, Rao PS, Naidu AN, Rao VV, Ramachandran EP (1996) Short term
nutritional and safety evaluation of fenugreek. Nutr Res 16:1495–1505
Rashid F, Hussain S, Ahmed Z (2018) Extraction purification and characterization of
galactomannan from fenugreek for industrial utilization. Carbohydr Polym 180:88–95
Roberts KT, Cui SW, Wu Y, Williams SA, Wang C, Graham T (2014) Physicochemical
evaluation of fenugreek gum and extrusion modified fenugreek gum and effects on starch
degradation in bread. Bioact Carbohydr Diet Fibre 4:176–183
Rosin MP, Anwar WA, Ward AJ (1994) Inflammation, chromosomal instability, and cancer: the
schistosomiasis model. Cancer Res 54:1929–1933
Rossi B, Campia P, Merlini L, Brasca M, Pastori N, Farris S, Galante YM (2016) An aerogel
obtained from chemo-enzymatically oxidized fenugreek galactomannans as a versatile delivery
system. Carbohydr Polym 144:353–361
Rowe RC, Sheskey P, Quinn M (2009) Handbook of pharmaceutical excipients, In: Libros
Digitales-Pharmaceutical Press, pp 278–298
Sav AK, Fule RA, Ali MT, Amin P (2013) Synthesis and evaluation of octenyl succinate
anhydride derivative of fenugreek gum as extended release polymer. J Pharmaceut Invest
43:417–429
Shabbeer S, Sobolewski M, Anchoori RK, Kachhap S, Hidalgo M, Jimeno A, Khan SR (2009)
Fenugreek: a naturally occurring edible spice as an anticancer agent. Cancer Biol Ther 8:272–
278
Sharma JD, Bhinda A (2005) Antifertility activity of steroidal extract of Trigonella
foenum-graecum (seeds) in female rats. Asian J Exp Sci 19:115–120
Sharma RD, Sarkar A, Hazara DK, Mishra B, Singh JB, Sharma SK, Maheshwari PK (1996a) Use
of fenuqreek seed powder in the management of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Nutr
Res 16:1331–1339
Sharma RD, Sarkar A, Hazra DK, Misra B, Singh JB, Maheshwari BB (1996b) Toxicological
evaluation of fenugreek seeds: a long term feeding experiment in diabetic patients. Phytother
Res 10:519–520
Sindhu G, Ratheesh M, Shyni GL, Nambisan B, Helen A (2012) Anti-inflammatory and
antioxidative effects of mucilage of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek) on adjuvant
induced arthritic rats. Int Immunopharmacol 12:205–211
Singh B (2018) Gamma radiation synthesis and characterization of gentamicin loaded
polysaccharide gum based hydrogel wound dressings. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 47:200–208
Singh G, Pai RS (2015) Trans-resveratrol self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS)
with enhanced bioavailability potential: optimization, pharmacokinetics and in situ single pass
intestinal perfusion (SPIP) studies. Drug Deliv 22:522–530
Singh V, Sethi R, Tiwari A (2009) Structure elucidation and properties of a non-ionic
galactomannan derived from the Cassia pleurocarpa seeds. Int J Biol Macromol 44:9–13
Sohail A, Turner MS, Coombes A, Bostrom T, Bhandari B (2011) Survivability of probiotics
encapsulated in alginate gel microbeads using a novel impinging aerosols method. Int J Food
Microbiol 145:162–168
Song BK, Winter WT, Taravel FR (1989) Crystallography of highly substituted galactomannans:
fenugreek and lucerne gums. Macromolecules 22:2641–2644
Sorrentino MJ (2012) An update on statin alternatives and adjuncts. Clin Lipidol 7:721–730
11 Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Applications of Fenugreek Gum
407