Shikimic acid
C 15 intermediate
Malonyl CoA ( 2 units)
+
Acetyl CoA
O
O
O
H
OH
OH
OH
OH
O
+
O
H
OH
OH
OH
OH
Cyanidin
Quercetin
NH 2
COOH
Phenyl alanine
COOH
Cinnamic acid
Shikimic acid
O-coumaryl glycoside
Hydroquinone
Helicin
CO
O
Coumarin
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
OH
O-Glu
CHO
O
H
OCH 3
O-Glu
CH 2 OH
Arbutin
Vanillin
Salicin
COOH
Cinnamic acid
NH 2
COOH
Phenyl alanine
Fig. 10.20 Biosynthesis of various phenolic compounds (Santos-Sanchez et al. 2019)
354
C. C. Kandar