Table 6.1 (continued)
Chemical category
Plant source
Mode of action
Triptolide
Tripterygium
wilfordii
Blocks lymphocyte
stimulation and PINFLCs
gene appearance. Blocks
stimulation of STAT3,
NFAT and NF-kB
Demethylzelasteral
Tripterygium
wilfordii
Blocks the production of
vascular ECs
Celastrol
Tripterygium
wilfordii
Block expression of
PINFLCs, topoisomerase
II and proteasome action,
Asiaticoside
Centella asiatica
Reduce NO release
Madecassoside
Centella asiatica
Decrease spleen cell
proliferation Blocking of
PINFLMs. Block release
of COX-2 and PGE2
11-keto-b-boswellic acid
Boswellia carteri
Reduce PINFLCs through
blocking of NF-kB
stimulation
Flavonoids Chalcone
Butein
Semecarpus
anacardium,
Dalbergia odorifera,
Toxicodendron
vernicifluum
Inhibit NO production by
reducing iNOS
appearance. Block
translocation of NF-jB
Dihydroxanthohumol
Humulus lupulus
Block NO production
induced by INF-c and
LPS
Licochalcone E
Glycyrrhiza inflata
Block release of
PINFLCS blocking the
activity of NF-jB and
activator protein (AP-1)
Mallotophilippens C, D, E
Mallotus,
Philippinensis
Block NO production
induced by INF-c and
LPS. mRNA gene
expression of IL-1b,
COX-2, iNOS and IL-6.
Deactivate NF-jB
Xanthohumol
Humulus lupulus
Block NO production that
is induced by INF-c and
LPS
Flavones
Luteolin
Lonicera Japonica
Reduce the release of
inflammatory mediators,
reduce ICAM-1
expression COX-2.
Inhibit Hsp90 activity
(continued)
210
V. K. Gurjar and D. Pal