680
L. Zheng et al.
film on the surface of the zinc powder can consume hydrogen ions in the solution,
thereby changing the physiochemical properties of the solution. The oxidation percentages of fine and coarse zinc powders should not exceed 2.5% and 1.0% for
removal of cobalt from the solution, respectively, while for removal of germanium,
the corresponding values were 0.5% and 0.2%. When the zinc oxidation percentage was more than 2.5%, both zinc powders could not meet the requirement of
purification.
Acknowledgements This work was partially supported by the Science and Technology Planning
Project of Hunan Province, China, under Grant 2019RS2008 and the Fundamental Research Funds
for the Central Universities of Central South University under Grant 2018zzts901.
References
1. Callister Jr. WD, Rethwisch DG (2018) Materials science and engineering: an introduction.
Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
2. Peng R (2005) Zinc metallurgy. Central South University Press, Changsha, Hunan, China
3. CNMIA (China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association) (2018) Website. Available online
http://www.chinania.org.cn. Accessed on 7 June, 2019
4. Abkhoshk E, Jorjani E, Al-Harahsheh MS, Rashchi F, Naazeri M (2014) Review of the
hydrometallurgical processing of non-sulfide zinc ores. Hydrometallurgy 149:153–167
5. NDRC (National Development and Reform Commission of the People’s Republic of China)
(2016) Zinc smelting industry cleaner production evaluation index system-compiling description 2017
6. Fuls HF, Petersen J (2011) Evaluation of processing options for the treatment of zinc sulphide
concentrates at skorpion zinc. J S Afr Inst Min Metall 113:423–434
7. Luo J, Duan N, Fuyuan X, Jiang L, Zhang C, Ye W (2019) System-level analysis of the
generation and distribution for Pb, Cu, and Ag in the process network of zinc hydrometallurgy:
implications for sustainability. J Clean Prod 234:755–766
8. Sorour N, Zhang W, Ghali E, Houlach G (2017) A review of organic additives in zinc
electrodeposition process (performance and evaluation). Hydrometallurgy 171:320–332
9. Mure¸ sana L, Maurin G, Oniciu L, Gaga D (1996) Influence of metallic impurities on zinc
electrowinning from sulfate electrolyte. Hydrometallurgy 43:345–354
10. Karlsson T, Cao Y, Colombus Y, Steenari B-M (2018) Investigation of the kinetics and the
morphology of cementation products formed during purification of a synthetic zinc sulfate
electrolyte. Hydrometallurgy 181:169–179
L. Zheng et al.
film on the surface of the zinc powder can consume hydrogen ions in the solution,
thereby changing the physiochemical properties of the solution. The oxidation percentages of fine and coarse zinc powders should not exceed 2.5% and 1.0% for
removal of cobalt from the solution, respectively, while for removal of germanium,
the corresponding values were 0.5% and 0.2%. When the zinc oxidation percentage was more than 2.5%, both zinc powders could not meet the requirement of
purification.
Acknowledgements This work was partially supported by the Science and Technology Planning
Project of Hunan Province, China, under Grant 2019RS2008 and the Fundamental Research Funds
for the Central Universities of Central South University under Grant 2018zzts901.
References
1. Callister Jr. WD, Rethwisch DG (2018) Materials science and engineering: an introduction.
Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
2. Peng R (2005) Zinc metallurgy. Central South University Press, Changsha, Hunan, China
3. CNMIA (China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association) (2018) Website. Available online
http://www.chinania.org.cn. Accessed on 7 June, 2019
4. Abkhoshk E, Jorjani E, Al-Harahsheh MS, Rashchi F, Naazeri M (2014) Review of the
hydrometallurgical processing of non-sulfide zinc ores. Hydrometallurgy 149:153–167
5. NDRC (National Development and Reform Commission of the People’s Republic of China)
(2016) Zinc smelting industry cleaner production evaluation index system-compiling description 2017
6. Fuls HF, Petersen J (2011) Evaluation of processing options for the treatment of zinc sulphide
concentrates at skorpion zinc. J S Afr Inst Min Metall 113:423–434
7. Luo J, Duan N, Fuyuan X, Jiang L, Zhang C, Ye W (2019) System-level analysis of the
generation and distribution for Pb, Cu, and Ag in the process network of zinc hydrometallurgy:
implications for sustainability. J Clean Prod 234:755–766
8. Sorour N, Zhang W, Ghali E, Houlach G (2017) A review of organic additives in zinc
electrodeposition process (performance and evaluation). Hydrometallurgy 171:320–332
9. Mure¸ sana L, Maurin G, Oniciu L, Gaga D (1996) Influence of metallic impurities on zinc
electrowinning from sulfate electrolyte. Hydrometallurgy 43:345–354
10. Karlsson T, Cao Y, Colombus Y, Steenari B-M (2018) Investigation of the kinetics and the
morphology of cementation products formed during purification of a synthetic zinc sulfate
electrolyte. Hydrometallurgy 181:169–179