568
K. Reinharter et al.
The post-mortem study carried out on the chosen magnesia-chromite brick demonstrated that as a consequence of chemical attack by slag, the infiltration and corrosion
of the brick’s inherent components led to a softening of the brick’s microstructure,
loss of flexibility, and brick strength. This weakened microstructure is then susceptible to continuous wear by hot erosion. Additionally, such degenerated brick
microstructure is susceptible to spalling off.
To sum up, laboratory tests carried out on different refractory brands, followed
by fieldwork trials at the customer itself, represent an important prerequisite to find
the most suitable refractory choice for lead reverberatory smelting furnaces. This
is the general approach for a defined and engineered lining concept and requires a
high level of trust between supplier and customer—if this is the case, we can also
contribute and bring in our full expertise to increase the performance of the wear
lining in a pyrometallurgical vessel.
References
1. ILA International Lead Association, August 2014, www.ila-lead.org, https://www.ila-lead.org/
UserFiles/File/ILA9927%20FS_Recycling_V06.pdf
2. Prengaman RD (2005). Secondary lead production—A survey of smelters and refineries. In:
Lead & Zinc ‘05. Proceedings on the international symposium on lead and zinc processing
17–19 October, Kyoto, Japan, 2005
3. Lee YH, Park YM (2003) The experience of lead direct smelting in Korea Zinc’s Onsan Refinery. In: Yazawa international symposium on metallurgical and material process, Warrendale,
Pennsylvania, USA, 2003
4. Spanring A (2010) Refractory applications in the secondary lead industry. RHI Bull 1:56–62
5. Stephens RL (2005) Advances in primary lead smelting. In: Lead & Zinc ‘05. Proceedings on
the international symposium on lead and zinc processing 17–19 October, Kyoto, Japan, 2005
6. Sofra J, Hughes R (2005) Ausmelt technology operation at commercial lead smelters. In: Lead
& Zinc ‘05. Proceedings on the international symposium on lead and zinc processing 17–19
October, Kyoto, Japan, 2005
7. Gregurek D, Reinharter K, Reiter V, Wenzl C, Spanring A (2015) Postmortem study of a
magnesia-chromite brick from a lead recycling furnace. JOM 67(9)
K. Reinharter et al.
The post-mortem study carried out on the chosen magnesia-chromite brick demonstrated that as a consequence of chemical attack by slag, the infiltration and corrosion
of the brick’s inherent components led to a softening of the brick’s microstructure,
loss of flexibility, and brick strength. This weakened microstructure is then susceptible to continuous wear by hot erosion. Additionally, such degenerated brick
microstructure is susceptible to spalling off.
To sum up, laboratory tests carried out on different refractory brands, followed
by fieldwork trials at the customer itself, represent an important prerequisite to find
the most suitable refractory choice for lead reverberatory smelting furnaces. This
is the general approach for a defined and engineered lining concept and requires a
high level of trust between supplier and customer—if this is the case, we can also
contribute and bring in our full expertise to increase the performance of the wear
lining in a pyrometallurgical vessel.
References
1. ILA International Lead Association, August 2014, www.ila-lead.org, https://www.ila-lead.org/
UserFiles/File/ILA9927%20FS_Recycling_V06.pdf
2. Prengaman RD (2005). Secondary lead production—A survey of smelters and refineries. In:
Lead & Zinc ‘05. Proceedings on the international symposium on lead and zinc processing
17–19 October, Kyoto, Japan, 2005
3. Lee YH, Park YM (2003) The experience of lead direct smelting in Korea Zinc’s Onsan Refinery. In: Yazawa international symposium on metallurgical and material process, Warrendale,
Pennsylvania, USA, 2003
4. Spanring A (2010) Refractory applications in the secondary lead industry. RHI Bull 1:56–62
5. Stephens RL (2005) Advances in primary lead smelting. In: Lead & Zinc ‘05. Proceedings on
the international symposium on lead and zinc processing 17–19 October, Kyoto, Japan, 2005
6. Sofra J, Hughes R (2005) Ausmelt technology operation at commercial lead smelters. In: Lead
& Zinc ‘05. Proceedings on the international symposium on lead and zinc processing 17–19
October, Kyoto, Japan, 2005
7. Gregurek D, Reinharter K, Reiter V, Wenzl C, Spanring A (2015) Postmortem study of a
magnesia-chromite brick from a lead recycling furnace. JOM 67(9)