A Dynamic Model of a Submerged Plasma Slag Fuming Process
245
is fitted with a kinetic parameter called tuyere gas efficiency. It was found that the
tuyere gas partially bypasses the slag bath, and the amount of gas bypass predicted
by the model was in close agreement with the previous studies.
Moreover, the model predicted the process parameters such as final slag bath
temperature, ZnO content of the slag, and the total amount of ZnO dust collected at
the end of the process which is in close agreement with the industrial measurements.
However, in some batches, the model predicted an abnormal amount of tuyere gas
bypass. This abnormality can be explained by studying the correlation between the
slag properties and the tuyere gas bypass.
Acknowledgements This research has received funding from the European Union Framework
Program for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020 under Grant Agreement No. 721385 (EU
MSCA-ETN SOCRATES; project website: http://etn-socrates.eu).
References
1. Clay J, Schoonraad G (1976) Treatment of zinc silicates by the Wealz process. J South Afr Inst
Mining Metall 77(1):11–14
2. Abdel-latif M (2002) Fundamentals of zinc recovery from metallurgical wastes in the
Enviroplas process. Miner Eng 15(11):945–952
3. Kim M, Lee W, Lee Y (2000) The QSL lead slag fuming process using an Ausmelt furnace.
In: Dutrizac JE (ed) Lead-Zinc 2000. Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Pittsburgh, pp
331–343
4. Bell R, Turner G, Peters E (1955) Fuming of zinc from lead blast furnace slag. JOM 203:472–
477
5. Chintinne M, Geenen C, Coletti B, Smets S (2017) Production of clean slag at Metallo Belgium.
Paper presented at the 9th European Metallurgical Conference, Leipzig, June 2017
6. Kellogg H (1967) A computer model of the slag fuming process for recovery of zinc oxide.
Trans Metall Soc AIME 239:1439–1449
7. Grant R (1980) The derivation of thermodynamic properties of slags from slag fuming plant
data. Paper presented at the Australia/Japan extractive metallurgy symposium, Sydney
8. Suzuki R, Goto K, Azuma K (1970) On fuming of zinciferrous slags. J Fac Eng Univ Tokyo,
B 30(3):247–288
9. Richards G, Brimacombe J, Toop G (1985) Kinetics of the zinc slag-Fuming process: Part I.
Industrial measurements. Metall Trans 16B:513–527
10. Richards G, Brimacombe J (1985) Kinetics of the zinc slag-Fuming process: Part II.
Mathematical model. Metall Trans 16B:529–540
11. Richards G, Brimacombe J (1985) Kinetics of the zinc slag-Fuming process: Part III. Model
predictions and analysis of process kinetics. Metall Trans 16B:541–549
12. Floyd J, Leahy G, Player R, Wright D (1978) Submerged combustion technology applied to
copper slag treatment. Paper presented at the Australia IMM, Queensland
13. Huda N, Naser J, Brooks G, Reuter MA, Matcsewicz RW (2012) Computational fluid dynamics
investigation of submerged combustion behaviour in a tuyere blown slag fuming furnace. Metall
Mater Trans 43B:1054–1068
14. Verscheure K, Van Camp M, Blanpain B, Wollants P, Hayes P, Jak E (2007) Continuous fuming
of zinc bearing residues: Part I. Model development. Metall Mater Trans 38B:13–20
15. Verscheure K, Van Camp M, Blanpain B, Wollants P, Hayes P, Jak E (2007) Continuous fuming
of zinc bearing residues: Part II. The submerged plasma zinc fuming process. Metall Mater
Trans 38B:21–33
245
is fitted with a kinetic parameter called tuyere gas efficiency. It was found that the
tuyere gas partially bypasses the slag bath, and the amount of gas bypass predicted
by the model was in close agreement with the previous studies.
Moreover, the model predicted the process parameters such as final slag bath
temperature, ZnO content of the slag, and the total amount of ZnO dust collected at
the end of the process which is in close agreement with the industrial measurements.
However, in some batches, the model predicted an abnormal amount of tuyere gas
bypass. This abnormality can be explained by studying the correlation between the
slag properties and the tuyere gas bypass.
Acknowledgements This research has received funding from the European Union Framework
Program for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020 under Grant Agreement No. 721385 (EU
MSCA-ETN SOCRATES; project website: http://etn-socrates.eu).
References
1. Clay J, Schoonraad G (1976) Treatment of zinc silicates by the Wealz process. J South Afr Inst
Mining Metall 77(1):11–14
2. Abdel-latif M (2002) Fundamentals of zinc recovery from metallurgical wastes in the
Enviroplas process. Miner Eng 15(11):945–952
3. Kim M, Lee W, Lee Y (2000) The QSL lead slag fuming process using an Ausmelt furnace.
In: Dutrizac JE (ed) Lead-Zinc 2000. Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Pittsburgh, pp
331–343
4. Bell R, Turner G, Peters E (1955) Fuming of zinc from lead blast furnace slag. JOM 203:472–
477
5. Chintinne M, Geenen C, Coletti B, Smets S (2017) Production of clean slag at Metallo Belgium.
Paper presented at the 9th European Metallurgical Conference, Leipzig, June 2017
6. Kellogg H (1967) A computer model of the slag fuming process for recovery of zinc oxide.
Trans Metall Soc AIME 239:1439–1449
7. Grant R (1980) The derivation of thermodynamic properties of slags from slag fuming plant
data. Paper presented at the Australia/Japan extractive metallurgy symposium, Sydney
8. Suzuki R, Goto K, Azuma K (1970) On fuming of zinciferrous slags. J Fac Eng Univ Tokyo,
B 30(3):247–288
9. Richards G, Brimacombe J, Toop G (1985) Kinetics of the zinc slag-Fuming process: Part I.
Industrial measurements. Metall Trans 16B:513–527
10. Richards G, Brimacombe J (1985) Kinetics of the zinc slag-Fuming process: Part II.
Mathematical model. Metall Trans 16B:529–540
11. Richards G, Brimacombe J (1985) Kinetics of the zinc slag-Fuming process: Part III. Model
predictions and analysis of process kinetics. Metall Trans 16B:541–549
12. Floyd J, Leahy G, Player R, Wright D (1978) Submerged combustion technology applied to
copper slag treatment. Paper presented at the Australia IMM, Queensland
13. Huda N, Naser J, Brooks G, Reuter MA, Matcsewicz RW (2012) Computational fluid dynamics
investigation of submerged combustion behaviour in a tuyere blown slag fuming furnace. Metall
Mater Trans 43B:1054–1068
14. Verscheure K, Van Camp M, Blanpain B, Wollants P, Hayes P, Jak E (2007) Continuous fuming
of zinc bearing residues: Part I. Model development. Metall Mater Trans 38B:13–20
15. Verscheure K, Van Camp M, Blanpain B, Wollants P, Hayes P, Jak E (2007) Continuous fuming
of zinc bearing residues: Part II. The submerged plasma zinc fuming process. Metall Mater
Trans 38B:21–33