136
7 Molten Salt Conversion of Plastics into Highly Conductive …
19. Z. Abu El-Rub, E.A. Bramer, G. Brem, Review of catalysts for tar elimination in biomass
gasification processes, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 43, 6911–6919 (2004)
20. K.G. Burra, A.K. Gupta, Synergistic effects in steam gasification of combined biomass and
plastic waste mixtures. Appl. Energy 211, 230–236 (2018)
21. R. Koshti, L. Mehta, N. Samarth, Biological recycling of polyethylene terephthalate: A minireview. J. Polym. Environ. 26, 3520–3529 (2018)
22. B. Molnar, F. Ronkay, Effect of solid-state polycondensation on crystalline structure and
mechanical properties of recycled polyethylene-terephthalate. Polym. Bull. 76, 2387–2398
(2019)
23. H. Eliasson, B.E. Mellander, Higher-order mode-coupling theory analysis of dielectric measurements on semi-crystalline PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate)). J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
11, 8807–8817 (1999)
24. A.R. Kamali, J. Yang, Q. Sun, Molten salt conversion of polyethylene terephthalate waste into
graphene nanostructures with high surface area and ultra-high electrical conductivity. Appl.
Surf. Sci. 476, 539–551 (2019)
25. E. Gonzalez II, M.D. Barankin, P.C. Guschl, R.F. Hicks, Remote atmospheric-pressure
plasma activation of the surfaces of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate.
Langmuir 24, 12636–12643 (2008)
26. N. Tanaka, Two equilibrium melting temperatures and physical meaning of DSC melting
peaks in poly(ethylene terephthalate). Polymer 49, 5353–5356 (2008)
27. N. Hamidi, Kinetics study of the thermal decomposition of post-consumer poly(ethylene
terephthalate) in an argon atmosphere. J. Macromol. Sci. Part B Phys. 58(2), 210–247 (2019)
28. Z.Q. Li, C.J. Lu, Z.P. Xia, Y. Zhou, Z. Luo, X-ray diffraction patterns of graphite and
turbostratic carbon. Carbon 45, 1686–1695 (2007)
29. P. Ruz, S. Banerjee, M. Pandey, V. Sudarsan, P.U. Sastry, R.J. Kshirsagar, Structural evolution
of turbostratic carbon: Implications in H 2 storage. Solid State Sci. 62, 105–111 (2016)
30. P. Ramakrishnan, S. Shanmugam, Nitrogen-doped carbon nanofoam derived from amino acid
chelate complex for supercapacitor applications. J. Power Sources 316, 60–71 (2016)
31. N. Subramanian, B. Viswanathan, Nitrogen- and oxygen-containing activated carbons from
sucrose for electrochemical supercapacitor applications. RSC Adv. 5, 63000–63011 (2015)
32. R.Z. Li, J.F. Huang, Z.W. Xu, H. Qi, L.Y. Cao, Y.J. Liu, W.B. Li, J.Y. Li, Controlling the thickness of disordered turbostratic nanodomains in hard carbon with enhanced sodium storage
performance. Energy Technol. 6, 1080–1087 (2018)
33. R. Kumar, T. Bhuvana, A. Sharma, Tire waste derived turbostratic carbon as an electrode for
a vanadium redox flow battery. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 6, 8238–8246 (2018)
34. VZh Shemet, A.P. Pomytkin, V.S. Neshpor, High temperature oxidation behavior of carbon
materials in air. Carbon 31, 1–6 (1993)
35. J.R. Hahn, Kinetic study of graphite oxidation along two lattice directions. Carbon 43, 1506–
1511 (2005)
36. M.Q. Tran, C. Tridech, A. Alfrey, A. Bismarck, M.S.P. Shaffer, Thermal oxidative cutting of
multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Carbon 45, 2341–2350 (2007)
37. D.W. McKee, D. Chatterji, The catalytic behavior of alkali metal carbonates and oxides in
graphite oxidation reactions. Carbon 13, 381–390 (1975)
38. A.R. Kamali, C. Schwandt, D.J. Fray, On the oxidation of molten salt electrolytically produced
carbon nanomaterials. Corros. Sci. 54, 307–313 (2012)
39. A.R. Kamali, G. Divitini, C. Schwandt, D.J. Fray, Correlation between microstructure and
thermokinetic characteristics of electrolytic carbon nanomaterials. Corros. Sci. 64, 90–97
(2012)
40. A. Gutierrez-Pardo, J. Ramírez-Rico, R. Cabezas-Rodríguez, J. Martínez-Fernandez, Effect
of catalytic graphitization on the electrochemical behavior of wood derived carbons for use
in supercapacitors. J. Power Sources 278, 18–26 (2015)
41. J. Ni, Y. Li, Carbon nanomaterials in different dimensions for electrochemical energy storage.
Adv. Energy Mater. 6, 1600278 (2016)
7 Molten Salt Conversion of Plastics into Highly Conductive …
19. Z. Abu El-Rub, E.A. Bramer, G. Brem, Review of catalysts for tar elimination in biomass
gasification processes, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 43, 6911–6919 (2004)
20. K.G. Burra, A.K. Gupta, Synergistic effects in steam gasification of combined biomass and
plastic waste mixtures. Appl. Energy 211, 230–236 (2018)
21. R. Koshti, L. Mehta, N. Samarth, Biological recycling of polyethylene terephthalate: A minireview. J. Polym. Environ. 26, 3520–3529 (2018)
22. B. Molnar, F. Ronkay, Effect of solid-state polycondensation on crystalline structure and
mechanical properties of recycled polyethylene-terephthalate. Polym. Bull. 76, 2387–2398
(2019)
23. H. Eliasson, B.E. Mellander, Higher-order mode-coupling theory analysis of dielectric measurements on semi-crystalline PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate)). J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
11, 8807–8817 (1999)
24. A.R. Kamali, J. Yang, Q. Sun, Molten salt conversion of polyethylene terephthalate waste into
graphene nanostructures with high surface area and ultra-high electrical conductivity. Appl.
Surf. Sci. 476, 539–551 (2019)
25. E. Gonzalez II, M.D. Barankin, P.C. Guschl, R.F. Hicks, Remote atmospheric-pressure
plasma activation of the surfaces of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate.
Langmuir 24, 12636–12643 (2008)
26. N. Tanaka, Two equilibrium melting temperatures and physical meaning of DSC melting
peaks in poly(ethylene terephthalate). Polymer 49, 5353–5356 (2008)
27. N. Hamidi, Kinetics study of the thermal decomposition of post-consumer poly(ethylene
terephthalate) in an argon atmosphere. J. Macromol. Sci. Part B Phys. 58(2), 210–247 (2019)
28. Z.Q. Li, C.J. Lu, Z.P. Xia, Y. Zhou, Z. Luo, X-ray diffraction patterns of graphite and
turbostratic carbon. Carbon 45, 1686–1695 (2007)
29. P. Ruz, S. Banerjee, M. Pandey, V. Sudarsan, P.U. Sastry, R.J. Kshirsagar, Structural evolution
of turbostratic carbon: Implications in H 2 storage. Solid State Sci. 62, 105–111 (2016)
30. P. Ramakrishnan, S. Shanmugam, Nitrogen-doped carbon nanofoam derived from amino acid
chelate complex for supercapacitor applications. J. Power Sources 316, 60–71 (2016)
31. N. Subramanian, B. Viswanathan, Nitrogen- and oxygen-containing activated carbons from
sucrose for electrochemical supercapacitor applications. RSC Adv. 5, 63000–63011 (2015)
32. R.Z. Li, J.F. Huang, Z.W. Xu, H. Qi, L.Y. Cao, Y.J. Liu, W.B. Li, J.Y. Li, Controlling the thickness of disordered turbostratic nanodomains in hard carbon with enhanced sodium storage
performance. Energy Technol. 6, 1080–1087 (2018)
33. R. Kumar, T. Bhuvana, A. Sharma, Tire waste derived turbostratic carbon as an electrode for
a vanadium redox flow battery. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 6, 8238–8246 (2018)
34. VZh Shemet, A.P. Pomytkin, V.S. Neshpor, High temperature oxidation behavior of carbon
materials in air. Carbon 31, 1–6 (1993)
35. J.R. Hahn, Kinetic study of graphite oxidation along two lattice directions. Carbon 43, 1506–
1511 (2005)
36. M.Q. Tran, C. Tridech, A. Alfrey, A. Bismarck, M.S.P. Shaffer, Thermal oxidative cutting of
multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Carbon 45, 2341–2350 (2007)
37. D.W. McKee, D. Chatterji, The catalytic behavior of alkali metal carbonates and oxides in
graphite oxidation reactions. Carbon 13, 381–390 (1975)
38. A.R. Kamali, C. Schwandt, D.J. Fray, On the oxidation of molten salt electrolytically produced
carbon nanomaterials. Corros. Sci. 54, 307–313 (2012)
39. A.R. Kamali, G. Divitini, C. Schwandt, D.J. Fray, Correlation between microstructure and
thermokinetic characteristics of electrolytic carbon nanomaterials. Corros. Sci. 64, 90–97
(2012)
40. A. Gutierrez-Pardo, J. Ramírez-Rico, R. Cabezas-Rodríguez, J. Martínez-Fernandez, Effect
of catalytic graphitization on the electrochemical behavior of wood derived carbons for use
in supercapacitors. J. Power Sources 278, 18–26 (2015)
41. J. Ni, Y. Li, Carbon nanomaterials in different dimensions for electrochemical energy storage.
Adv. Energy Mater. 6, 1600278 (2016)