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in PMMA matrix for hydrogen gas purification. AIP Conf Proc 1349:1061–1062. https://doi.
org/10.1063/1.3606228
51. Kuwahara Y, Morita M, Nagami T, et al (2009) Functionalization of a polymer using
nanoparticles immobilized in supercritical carbon dioxide. Jpn J Appl Phys 48:06FF13
52. Li B, Wen H-M, Yu Y et al (2018) Nanospace within metal–organic frameworks for gas
storage and separation. Mater Today Nano 2:21–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtnano.2018.
09.003
53. Li L, Song C, Jiang D, Wang T (2017) Preparation and enhanced gas separation performance
of carbon/carbon nanotubes (C/CNTs) hybrid membranes. Sep Purif Technol 188:73–80.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2017.07.019
54. Lin R-B, Xiang S, Xing H et al (2019) Exploration of porous metal–organic frameworks for
gas separation and purification. Coord Chem Rev 378:87–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.
2017.09.027
55. Lindemann P, Tsotsalas M, Shishatskiy S et al (2014) Preparation of freestanding conjugated
microporous polymer nanomembranes for gas separation. Chem Mater 26:7189–7193
56. Liu D, Li X, Geng H et al (2018) Development of Nb35Mo5Ti30Ni30alloy membrane
for hydrogen separation applications. J Memb Sci 553:171–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
memsci.2018.02.052
57. Liu J, Wei J (2014) Knudsen diffusion in channels and networks. Chem Eng Sci 111:1–14.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2014.01.014
58. Liu Q, Gupta KM, Xu Q et al (2019) Gas permeation through double-layer graphene oxide
membranes: the role of interlayer distance and pore offset. Sep Purif Technol 209:419–425.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2018.07.044
59. Ma P-C, Siddiqui NA, Marom G, Kim J-K (2010) Dispersion and functionalization of carbon
nanotubes for polymer-based nanocomposites: a review. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf
41:1345–1367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2010.07.003
60. Ma X, Swaidan R, Teng B et al (2013) Carbon molecular sieve gas separation membranes
based on an intrinsically microporous polyimide precursor. Carbon NY 62:88–96. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.carbon.2013.05.057
61. Malzbender J (2016) Mechanical aspects of ceramic membrane materials. Ceram Int 42:7899–
7911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.02.136
62. McCool BA, DeSisto WJ (2005) Amino-functionalized silica membranes for enhanced carbon
dioxide permeation. Adv Funct Mater 15:1635–1640
63. Moss TS, Peachey NM, Snow RC, Dye RC (1998) Multilayer metal membranes for hydrogen
separation. Int J Hydrog Energy 23:99–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-3199(97)00030-X
64. Ng LY, Mohammad AW, Leo CP, Hilal N (2013) Polymeric membranes incorporated with
metal/metal oxide nanoparticles: a comprehensive review. Desalination 308:15–33. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2010.11.033
65. Nwogu NC, Anyanwu EE, Gobina E (2016) An initial investigation of a nano-composite
silica ceramic membrane for hydrogen gas separation and purification. Int J Hydrog Energy
41:8228–8235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.11.162
66. Ockwig NW, Nenoff TM (2009) Membranes for hydrogen separation. Chem Rev 110:2573–
2574. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr078108l
67. Paglieri SN, Way JD (2002) Innovations in palladium membrane research. Sep Purif Methods
31:1–169. https://doi.org/10.1081/SPM-120006115
68. Pandey P, Chauhan RS (2001) Membranes for gas separation. Progr Polym Sci 26:853–893.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6700(01)00009-0
69. Patel AK, Acharya NK (2018) Metal coated and nanofiller doped polycarbonate membrane for
hydrogen transport. Int J Hydrog Energy 43:21675–21682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.
2018.03.205
70. Phillip WA, O’Neill B, Rodwogin M et al (2010) Self-assembled block copolymer thin films
as water filtration membranes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2:847–853
71. Álvarez-Fernández R, Beltrán Cilleruelo F, IVM (2016) A new approach to battery powered
electric vehicles: a hydrogen fuel-cell range extender system. Int J Hydrog Energy 41:4808–
4819
R. Kumar et al.
50. Kumar S, Srivastava S, Agrawal S et al (2011) Effect of electric field alignment of MWCNT
in PMMA matrix for hydrogen gas purification. AIP Conf Proc 1349:1061–1062. https://doi.
org/10.1063/1.3606228
51. Kuwahara Y, Morita M, Nagami T, et al (2009) Functionalization of a polymer using
nanoparticles immobilized in supercritical carbon dioxide. Jpn J Appl Phys 48:06FF13
52. Li B, Wen H-M, Yu Y et al (2018) Nanospace within metal–organic frameworks for gas
storage and separation. Mater Today Nano 2:21–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtnano.2018.
09.003
53. Li L, Song C, Jiang D, Wang T (2017) Preparation and enhanced gas separation performance
of carbon/carbon nanotubes (C/CNTs) hybrid membranes. Sep Purif Technol 188:73–80.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2017.07.019
54. Lin R-B, Xiang S, Xing H et al (2019) Exploration of porous metal–organic frameworks for
gas separation and purification. Coord Chem Rev 378:87–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.
2017.09.027
55. Lindemann P, Tsotsalas M, Shishatskiy S et al (2014) Preparation of freestanding conjugated
microporous polymer nanomembranes for gas separation. Chem Mater 26:7189–7193
56. Liu D, Li X, Geng H et al (2018) Development of Nb35Mo5Ti30Ni30alloy membrane
for hydrogen separation applications. J Memb Sci 553:171–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
memsci.2018.02.052
57. Liu J, Wei J (2014) Knudsen diffusion in channels and networks. Chem Eng Sci 111:1–14.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2014.01.014
58. Liu Q, Gupta KM, Xu Q et al (2019) Gas permeation through double-layer graphene oxide
membranes: the role of interlayer distance and pore offset. Sep Purif Technol 209:419–425.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2018.07.044
59. Ma P-C, Siddiqui NA, Marom G, Kim J-K (2010) Dispersion and functionalization of carbon
nanotubes for polymer-based nanocomposites: a review. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf
41:1345–1367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2010.07.003
60. Ma X, Swaidan R, Teng B et al (2013) Carbon molecular sieve gas separation membranes
based on an intrinsically microporous polyimide precursor. Carbon NY 62:88–96. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.carbon.2013.05.057
61. Malzbender J (2016) Mechanical aspects of ceramic membrane materials. Ceram Int 42:7899–
7911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.02.136
62. McCool BA, DeSisto WJ (2005) Amino-functionalized silica membranes for enhanced carbon
dioxide permeation. Adv Funct Mater 15:1635–1640
63. Moss TS, Peachey NM, Snow RC, Dye RC (1998) Multilayer metal membranes for hydrogen
separation. Int J Hydrog Energy 23:99–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-3199(97)00030-X
64. Ng LY, Mohammad AW, Leo CP, Hilal N (2013) Polymeric membranes incorporated with
metal/metal oxide nanoparticles: a comprehensive review. Desalination 308:15–33. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2010.11.033
65. Nwogu NC, Anyanwu EE, Gobina E (2016) An initial investigation of a nano-composite
silica ceramic membrane for hydrogen gas separation and purification. Int J Hydrog Energy
41:8228–8235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.11.162
66. Ockwig NW, Nenoff TM (2009) Membranes for hydrogen separation. Chem Rev 110:2573–
2574. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr078108l
67. Paglieri SN, Way JD (2002) Innovations in palladium membrane research. Sep Purif Methods
31:1–169. https://doi.org/10.1081/SPM-120006115
68. Pandey P, Chauhan RS (2001) Membranes for gas separation. Progr Polym Sci 26:853–893.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6700(01)00009-0
69. Patel AK, Acharya NK (2018) Metal coated and nanofiller doped polycarbonate membrane for
hydrogen transport. Int J Hydrog Energy 43:21675–21682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.
2018.03.205
70. Phillip WA, O’Neill B, Rodwogin M et al (2010) Self-assembled block copolymer thin films
as water filtration membranes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2:847–853
71. Álvarez-Fernández R, Beltrán Cilleruelo F, IVM (2016) A new approach to battery powered
electric vehicles: a hydrogen fuel-cell range extender system. Int J Hydrog Energy 41:4808–
4819